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Analyst

Geoff Meacham

Citigroup · covers Healthcare

Period: Reporting periods mapped to calendar 2024 Q4 – 2026 Q2 (7 quarters).

Questions
54on tracked calls
Challenge rate
2%1 of 54 questions
Companies
11questioned at least once
Reporting periods
7with questions

These figures cover the whole profile: every tracked question, all reporting periods.

How to read these numbers

Challenge rate is the share of questions that pushed back, pressed for specifics or questioned management’s assumptions. It describes how questions were asked on the calls tracked here; it does not measure whether any view turned out to be right.

Rounding. Rates are rounded to whole percentages, so a small share can show as 0% even when some questions were challenging. The count beside each rate is exact; “none of N questions” means no question was challenging.

No questions recorded. “—” means there is nothing to calculate: no questions were recorded for that period on the calls tracked here. It does not mean there was no activity.

Fewer than 3 questions. A company-level rate is withheld when fewer than 3 questions were recorded for that company; the questions are still counted everywhere else.

Small samples. Profiles with fewer than 10 questions are marked Limited sample.

Reporting periods. Questions are grouped by the calendar quarter each company’s fiscal reporting period maps to, not by the date of the call. Periods without a calendar mapping are listed separately under their fiscal label.

Questions asked

Grouped by company, most questions first. Open a company to read its questions, newest reporting period first.

Showing 54 of 54 questions from 11 companies

VRTXVertex Pharmaceuticals11 questions · 7 reporting periods · 0 of 11 challenging
VRTX company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

on 828 or the other assets in Phase I, what are some of the clinical attributes you're looking for?

Show response

Reshma: seeking better efficacy (more patients <30 mmol) and safety; monitoring depends on trial results.

Calendar 2026 Q1

on Povi, congrats on the quick filing in IgAN, but looking beyond PMN and gMG, is it worth it to do a basket study?

Innovation & R&DGeographic ExpansionTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Reshma endorsed the basket study idea for additional B cell-mediated diseases, teasing upcoming disclosures about Povi's immunology portfolio expansion.

are there settings where an IV modality is perhaps a better fit in the clinical practice?

Product LaunchInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Reshma confirmed interest in an IV pain formulation and highlighted the broader portfolio (suzetragene, 993, Nav1.7) as ensuring they have the best medicine across PO and IV.

Calendar 2025 Q4

is there work to do on the payer side when you think about access and reimbursement and maybe cost-benefit

Product LaunchCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Duncan reported 74 payer engagements covering over 210 million lives with conversations going extremely well. On sweat chloride, interest levels are similar US vs Europe but European labeling has fewer liver monitoring requirements driving different switching dynamics.

Calendar 2025 Q3

Do you think you're hitting a tipping point with regard to kind of patient switching or those that are maybe kind of new starts

Product LaunchCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Duncan confirmed vast majority of newly eligible US patients have started ALYFTREK. Transition pace from TRIKAFTA remains steady. Generated close to $0.5 billion in first 10 months. Strong early European uptake.

how you're thinking about the differentiation here versus the many BAFF, APRIL type of assets here

Competitive DynamicsInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Reshma highlighted IgAN involves elevated APRIL and BAFF levels requiring dual inhibition, pove's engineered tissue distribution and binding affinity, strong RUBY-3 clinical data, and superior patient profile with monthly auto-injector.

Calendar 2025 Q2

could the strategy in chronic pain involve to now include broader indications such as joint pain, et cetera? In other words, like outside of PMP

Innovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Reshma acknowledged musculoskeletal potential based on VX-150 data but said acute and neuropathic remain highest priority. Key next milestone is NaV1.7+1.8 combination with synergistic preclinical effect.

Calendar 2025 Q1

on JOURNAVX, to get an update -- maybe give us a sense for how you're thinking about the chronic pain indications and the design of those studies

Show response

Reshma deferred specifics to post-FDA meeting this summer, noting innovation in clinical trial designs but no new details to share.

what's been the feedback on utilizing sweat chloride as a biomarker more in practice

Product LaunchCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Stuart explained sweat chloride is not being increasingly adopted in practice despite ALYFTREK data. Switching is driven by the combination of noninferior FEV1, improved sweat chloride, 31 additional mutations, and once-daily dosing.

Calendar 2024 Q4

on ALYFTREK. Wanted to get maybe any early anecdotes from you guys on new patients coming into care

Product LaunchDemandTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Stuart confirmed interest across all three target populations: naive patients, those newly eligible via expanded mutations, and transition patients from TRIKAFTA or older modulators.

on JOURNAVX and LSR, I know you guys have taken a deep dive into the Phase 2 and maybe you've gotten some KOL feedback

Show response

Reshma deferred specifics to summer after regulatory interactions, noting teams are deep in Phase 2 analysis and engaging KOLs and PIs.

GILDGilead Sciences7 questions · 7 reporting periods · 1 of 7 challenging
GILD company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

is lowering the concentration, the HIV still an intentional long term goal at Gilead

ChallengingCapital AllocationCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

O'Day affirmed diversification remains the objective, both within virology across HIV options and outside virology into oncology and immunology.

Calendar 2026 Q1

Would we expect it to narrow or widen as you treat patients upstream that are perhaps less heavily pretreated

Product LaunchInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Cindy affirmed safety advantage widens in earlier lines where patients are less compromised, including potential in newly diagnosed and even smoldering myeloma. Trial designs underway.

Calendar 2025 Q4

I wanted to get a sense from you guys as to what voids you think you need to fill

Innovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Dan emphasized the most robust pipeline in company history with no major LOEs until 2036 reduces BD urgency versus peers. Spends ~$1B annually on early-stage partnerships across all three therapeutic areas. Proactive and disciplined on later-stage acquisitions. Andy added goal is synergistic derisked late-stage assets that turbocharge top-line growth.

Calendar 2025 Q3

I wanted to see if you had any color on patients switching from Descovy versus those who are brand new to PrEP

Product LaunchDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Johanna described broad switching mix across long-acting injectable, branded oral (Descovy), and generic orals. Expects naive patient population to grow with increased awareness. Switches currently dominate over naive starts.

Calendar 2025 Q2

the OUS contribution, I think, is going to be much bigger when you compare to Descovy or Truvada and PrEP

Geographic ExpansionProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Johanna confirmed broader OUS opportunity versus Descovy which faced generic Truvada competition. Countries not meeting 2030 HIV targets offer partnership opportunities. Reimbursement challenges will take time.

Calendar 2025 Q1

what's the gating factor for selecting the best phase three combo? And related to that, you know, while you haven't seen resistance with len

Innovation & R&DProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Dietmar described early-stage portfolio strategy focused on optionality across monthly, weekly, and twice-yearly options. Noted CROI data on once-yearly PrEP potential.

Calendar 2024 Q4

do you guys view all the different Len treatment options that you detailed on Slide 20 as eventually replacing Biktarvy

Product LaunchCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Johanna confirmed lenacapavir-based options will erode Biktarvy share as part of total Gilead HIV portfolio strategy, well before the late 2033 LOE.

PFEPfizer7 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 7 challenging
PFE company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

what are you guys ultimately looking for in the combo studies?

Show response

Chris said the combo aims to beat berobenatide-alone efficacy with good early tolerability; directly addressed the combo-study goals.

Calendar 2025 Q4

are you guys set with monthly being the longest dosing interval to preserve efficacy? Or is it potentially is it feasible to extend to, you know, every two-month dosing

Innovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Boshoff confirmed 3944 targeting monthly; separate ultra-long-acting prodrug peptide in Phase I targeting potential quarterly dosing; beyond VESPA-4/5/6, planning seven additional studies including cardiovascular metabolic and differentiated combination approaches.

Calendar 2025 Q3

how would you rank those as priorities? I guess, both seem to have 3-year time frames

Capex InvestmentTrade TariffsTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Denton indicated US manufacturing investment and cost efficiency improvements are complementary, not conflicting; working through plans under new government agreement; more color at 2026 guidance.

Calendar 2025 Q1

what incentives would you want to see in tariff negotiations that would maybe tip the balance for Pfizer Inc. to, you know, to increase manufacturing investments here in the US?

Trade TariffsCapex InvestmentTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Bourla cited global minimum tax leveling the playing field, potential further US tax reductions for locally produced goods, but uncertainty causing all companies to be frugal with investments.

what would you say ranks as a higher priority just with respect to how you tier, you know, what would be multiple BD options

M&ACapital AllocationTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Bourla outlined three-year strategy: new launches offset LOEs, EPS growth through margins, pipeline value drives multiple expansion post-2028; Baum emphasized building sustainable franchises.

Calendar 2024 Q4

for the COVID franchise, you guys talked about stabilizing revenue for this year. Maybe just give us some level of conviction

DemandRevenue GrowthTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Aamir Malik gave detailed response on Paxlovid tracking disease burden with higher treatment rates and market share gains versus 2023, plus tailored resource model.

just want to get a sense from you guys for the appetite for growing out the number of TAs

M&ACapital AllocationTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Dave Denton confirmed improved cash flow enables larger BD in 2025; Andrew Baum emphasized focus on breakthrough science, unmet need, and talent acquisition.

LLYLilly (Eli)6 questions · 6 reporting periods · 0 of 6 challenging
LLY company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

With the higher efficacy of retatrutide, are there additional indications that you can now address

Innovation & R&DProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Ken Custer cited osteoarthritis knee pain, MASLD/NASH, and chronic lower back pain studies as expansion opportunities for retatrutide.

Calendar 2025 Q4

I wasn't sure what drives the investment priorities, whether it's the drug or the indication, and if there's a clear path to labeling claim

Show response

Anne detailed broad combination therapy efforts: Together PSO (Taltz+Zepbound in psoriasis), Together Amplified PSA and PSO, COMMIT studies in UC and Crohn's (Omvoh+Zepbound), and Phase II brenepatide in asthma. Emphasized unlocking better outcomes for patients with both immune diseases and obesity.

Calendar 2025 Q3

would you characterize it as more consumer-centric through LillyDirect? Or should we think about it as a more typical pharma launch with PBM and payer negotiations being really critical on day 1

Product LaunchDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Ilya confirmed dual approach: broad commercial payer access plus expanding direct-to-consumer platform. Both channels important to ensure every patient can access medicines across the portfolio.

Calendar 2025 Q2

can you talk about how the GI adverse event rates changed over the course of the studies?

Show response

Dan confirmed standard GLP-1 GI profile: events frontloaded during titration then declining. No patient characteristics predicted higher adverse events.

Calendar 2025 Q1

is the ultimate goal to have meaningfully more indications than Tirzepatide just given the oral convenience?

Innovation & R&DProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Dan confirmed broad ambitions including immunology and neuroscience combinations. Noted Lilly has a second oral incretin behind orforglipron plus multifunctional orals in development.

Calendar 2024 Q4

Would these be a tipping point on broader reimbursement or access? I mean it's clear you have a benefit there

Regulation PolicyDemandTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Dan reframed the question away from single tipping points, describing an accumulation-based model where different payers move at different times. Long-term very bullish on full category reimbursement.

BMYBristol Myers Squibb5 questions · 3 reporting periods · 0 of 5 challenging
BMY company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

I guess I just wanted to talk about the ADEPT and milvexian studies going into 2027.

Innovation & R&DGuidance ReliabilityTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Massacesi separated the two delays: ADEPT-1 is event-driven with slower relapse accrual, ADEPT-2/4 slowed on enrollment quality controls. Answered both.

Calendar 2025 Q4

is there a dataset, a tipping point maybe of data that you wanna see before you really scale up the Phase III investment

Innovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Cristian said development is already scaled with 7 pivotal studies plus an 8th in head and neck. Strategy is replace where PD-1/PD-L1 plays today, then expand into new indications like MSS CRC and gastric.

is there a bottleneck in access that you really have to still work through

Product LaunchDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Adam denied access bottleneck. Cited 100K+ TRxs surpassing all analogs, Q4 NRx acceleration, and increasing propensity for repeat prescribing. Phase IV switch study coming this quarter.

Calendar 2024 Q4

I want to get your perspective as RFKJ's nomination or a confirmation looks I think fairly imminent

Show response

Chris noted opportunity to address IRA concerns with new administration, highlighting billet and spillover impact as two priority areas.

since the emracladine failure are there changes to the investment plan that you're contemplating

Competitive DynamicsInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Chris confirmed emracladine failure creates larger opportunity. Samit noted expanded exploration of dual muscarinic agonism across dementias.

ABBVAbbVie4 questions · 3 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
ABBV company page →

Calendar 2025 Q3

what would you say are the leading indicators of a rebound in aesthetics, I'm just trying to assess what green shoots perhaps you may be seeing

Regulation PolicyDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Rob Michael outlined active engagement with administration on Section 301 investigation, direct-to-patient models, and $10B US capital commitment. Jeff Stewart identified leading indicators: overall consumer confidence, middle-income consumer posture toward toxins, and HA filler sentiment (stabilizing but not recovering). TrenibotE launch next year viewed as significant rebound catalyst.

Calendar 2025 Q1

What would you say are the main elements that you'd want to see in reform

Regulation PolicyM&ATranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Jeff Stewart supported PBM reform focused on patient affordability. Rob Michael discussed neuroscience as more than psychiatry and explained rationale for obesity entry as sixth growth pillar.

Calendar 2024 Q4

you guys called out the partial impairment today in the press release. Just want to get your perspective as to what the drivers are for the remaining value

M&AInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Rob Michael explained accounting rules prevent writing up Tavapadon value despite increased optimism. Emraclidine still pursued in adjunctive schizophrenia and neurodegenerative psychosis.

is it fair to say that you think '25 could be the trough or have already seen a trough in terms of the growth rate

DemandProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Jeff Stewart confirmed 2025 modeled as trough with high-single-digit CAGR through 2029 putting revenue north of $7B. Carrie Strom positioned BoNT/E as a category activation tool.

Show 5 more companies
MRKMerck & Co., Inc.4 questions · 4 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
MRK company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

on the LIPFENDRA launch, I wanted to ask how you guys view the pace of maybe initial access.

Product LaunchDemandTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Rob Davis said access will take time so early pace is slower, but reaffirmed a long-term blockbuster opportunity.

Calendar 2025 Q3

maybe talk about the selection of the indications that you just announced from a mechanism perspective

Show response

Dean flagged SSc-ILD and Crohn's fibrosis signals as the key readouts that would steer further TL1A indication expansion beyond GI.

Calendar 2025 Q1

can you talk about Merck's mitigating strategies as an offset whether it's a new CapEx cycle

Trade TariffsCapex InvestmentTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Rob pointed to supply chain rebalancing and US manufacturing investments, explicitly ruling out price as a tariff lever.

Calendar 2024 Q4

is there an inventory threshold that you need to see to start shipping again

Show response

Rob explicitly declined to give a threshold and reframed GARDASIL China as upside rather than core.

REGNRegeneron Pharmaceuticals4 questions · 4 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
REGN company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

Is this like a vertical that we should expect you guys to add a lot of resources to in terms of R&D investments?

Innovation & R&DCapex InvestmentGeographic ExpansionTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Yancopoulos answered unambiguously that ophthalmology remains a major investment area, citing glaucoma, thyroid eye disease and geographic atrophy ambitions.

Calendar 2025 Q4

your perspective as you kind of exit '25 and go into '26, the sources of growth with regard to new patients

Revenue GrowthProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

McCourt highlighted strong reception of recent label enhancements. Described prefilled syringe as a convenience factor that will provide additional adoption opportunity but positioned it as additive rather than a gating factor since EYLEA HD already has many users.

Calendar 2025 Q3

what's the appetite to further expand your plans that you've announced just so you own all elements

Capex InvestmentCapital AllocationTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Schleifer said Regeneron has no philosophical aversion to large BD deals if the right opportunity arises. On manufacturing, confirmed the company's own fill/finish plant is ready and expected to come online next year, which would give control over all aspects of biologics manufacturing.

Calendar 2025 Q2

You got 45 assets already in development. So what's the ROI calculus on how you guys are prioritizing

Capex InvestmentCapital AllocationTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Schleifer acknowledged the breadth of the pipeline and said out-licensing is possible where it makes sense, citing the IL-1 blocker/pericarditis success. But ruled out oncology out-licensing given the combination strategy. Not structurally averse to partnering.

MRNAModerna3 questions · 3 reporting periods · 0 of 3 challenging
MRNA company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

the 10% revenue growth guidance for the balance of the year, maybe just give us a reminder of the puts and takes of that

Revenue GrowthGuidance ReliabilityTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Mock said H1 revenue is up almost $300 million YoY, so a flat H2 would exceed 10% growth; the key swing is the size of the U.S. vaccination market.

Calendar 2026 Q1

are there other I-O combo mechanisms that could also bear fruit, or is that better addressed with the rest of your oncology pipeline

Innovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Hoge said alternative IO combos being explored first through mRNA-4359 platform (CTLA-4 plus PD-1). INT may follow later. Norovirus success bar: statistical significance with VE north of 50% against no current standard of care.

Calendar 2025 Q3

I was curious if your pipeline evaluation process has evolved just to look at maximizing ROI on your R&D investments

Innovation & R&DCapital AllocationTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Hoge distinguished cash-optimizing from ROI-maximizing. Deferring Phase III infectious disease investments (EBV) until after 2028 breakeven. Rare disease has large potential but limiting to PA/MMA until breakeven achieved.

BIIBBiogen2 questions · 2 reporting periods · 0 of 2 challenging
BIIB company page →

Calendar 2026 Q1

how maybe you rank external innovation versus investments and internal R&D and SG&A

M&ACapital AllocationTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Chris said BD focus shifting to early-stage research and pre-IND assets in immunology. Late-stage pipeline and Apellis reduce urgency for M&A. Would be opportunistic on larger deals but no systematic search needed. Company should grow well into 2030s with current pipeline if execution delivers.

Calendar 2025 Q1

do you guys view your own capacity or resources differently

Supply ChainRevenue GrowthTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Chris confirmed CDMO business at both Solothurn and RTP facilities. Noted Biogen's RTP manufacturing has strong reputation for quality and efficiency.

AMGNAmgen Inc.1 question · 1 reporting period · 0 of 1 challenging
AMGN company page →

Calendar 2025 Q2

post ADA, were there any changes that you guys made to Phase III, just thinking increased entry criteria or maybe pace of titration just to optimize discontinuations?

Innovation & R&DProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Bradner confirmed no Phase III design changes post-ADA, noting strong KOL and investigator confidence reflected in robust enrollment. Remains interested in additional obesity-related and non-overtly-obesity conditions.

Challenge rate by company

Every company this analyst questioned, most questions first. A company-level rate is shown from 3 questions; below that it is withheld.

CompanyQuestionsChallenge rate
VRTX Vertex Pharmaceuticals110%none of 11 questions
GILD Gilead Sciences714%1 of 7 questions
PFE Pfizer70%none of 7 questions
LLY Lilly (Eli)60%none of 6 questions
BMY Bristol Myers Squibb50%none of 5 questions
ABBV AbbVie40%none of 4 questions
MRK Merck & Co., Inc.40%none of 4 questions
REGN Regeneron Pharmaceuticals40%none of 4 questions
MRNA Moderna30%none of 3 questions
BIIB Biogen2—Rate withheld: fewer than 3 questions
  • VRTX
    Vertex Pharmaceuticals · 11 questions
    0%none of 11 questions
  • GILD
    Gilead Sciences · 7 questions
    14%1 of 7 questions
  • PFE
    Pfizer · 7 questions
    0%none of 7 questions
  • LLY
    Lilly (Eli) · 6 questions
    0%none of 6 questions
  • BMY
    Bristol Myers Squibb · 5 questions
    0%none of 5 questions
  • ABBV
    AbbVie · 4 questions
    0%none of 4 questions
  • MRK
    Merck & Co., Inc. · 4 questions
    0%none of 4 questions
  • REGN
    Regeneron Pharmaceuticals · 4 questions
    0%none of 4 questions
  • MRNA
    Moderna · 3 questions
    0%none of 3 questions
  • BIIB
    Biogen · 2 questions
    —rate withheld: under 3 questions
Show all 11 companies
CompanyQuestionsChallenge rate
AMGN Amgen Inc.1—Rate withheld: fewer than 3 questions
  • AMGN
    Amgen Inc. · 1 question
    —rate withheld: under 3 questions

Activity by reporting period

Questions recorded for each calendar quarter that companies’ reporting periods map to (not the call date), with the challenge rate for that period. Periods inside the range with no questions are shown as “No questions recorded”.

Questions by calendar reporting period
Calendar periodQuestionsChallenge rateCompanies
2024 Q4110%none of 11 questions7
2025 Q190%none of 9 questions7
2025 Q250%none of 5 questions5
2025 Q390%none of 9 questions8
2025 Q470%none of 7 questions6
2026 Q150%none of 5 questions4
2026 Q2813%1 of 8 questions8
  1. 2024 Q411 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 11 questions) · 7 companies
  2. 2025 Q19 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 9 questions) · 7 companies
  3. 2025 Q25 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 5 questions) · 5 companies
  4. 2025 Q39 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 9 questions) · 8 companies
  5. 2025 Q47 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 7 questions) · 6 companies
  6. 2026 Q15 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 5 questions) · 4 companies
  7. 2026 Q28 questions · challenge rate 13% (1 of 8 questions) · 8 companies

Topics

Topics tagged on this analyst’s questions.

  • Innovation & R&D25
  • Product Launch18
  • Competitive Dynamics12
  • Demand10
  • Capital Allocation7
  • Capex Investment6
  • M&A5
  • Revenue Growth4
  • Regulation Policy4
  • Geographic Expansion3
Show all 14 topics
  • Trade Tariffs3
  • Guidance Reliability2
  • Supply Chain1
  • Inventory1