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Analyst
Scott Deuschle
Period: Reporting periods mapped to calendar 2024 Q3 – 2026 Q2 (8 quarters).
- Questions
- 70on tracked calls
- Challenge rate
- 19%13 of 70 questions
- Companies
- 9questioned at least once
- Reporting periods
- 8with questions
These figures cover the whole profile: every tracked question, all reporting periods.
How to read these numbers
Challenge rate is the share of questions that pushed back, pressed for specifics or questioned management’s assumptions. It describes how questions were asked on the calls tracked here; it does not measure whether any view turned out to be right.
Rounding. Rates are rounded to whole percentages, so a small share can show as 0% even when some questions were challenging. The count beside each rate is exact; “none of N questions” means no question was challenging.
No questions recorded. “—” means there is nothing to calculate: no questions were recorded for that period on the calls tracked here. It does not mean there was no activity.
Fewer than 3 questions. A company-level rate is withheld when fewer than 3 questions were recorded for that company; the questions are still counted everywhere else.
Small samples. Profiles with fewer than 10 questions are marked Limited sample.
Reporting periods. Questions are grouped by the calendar quarter each company’s fiscal reporting period maps to, not by the date of the call. Periods without a calendar mapping are listed separately under their fiscal label.
Questions asked
Grouped by company, most questions first. Open a company to read its questions, newest reporting period first.
Showing 70 of 70 questions from 9 companies
NOCNorthrop Grumman13 questions · 7 reporting periods · 1 of 13 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
would you be able to share any detail with respect what your market share on this upcoming PAC-3 contract
Show response
Kathy declined to quantify share, saying NOC starts smaller as a new supplier and expects to scale by performing on early production deliveries.
consensus is forecasting about a 7% revenue CAGR at Defense Systems over the next 3 years
Show response
John declined to detail outer years but pointed to Sentinel, B-21, and weapons demand as drivers that should let NOC accelerate revenue over time.
Calendar 2026 Q1
Could you give us an update on that program and how performance has been tracking more recently on your F-35 radar production line
Show response
Warden acknowledged concurrent development and production risk on the advanced radar. New facility opened with tooling in place, workforce being trained. Limited detail due to classification.
is the customer providing any incremental cash advances or working capital support to help offset some of these increased capital investments
Show response
Green confirmed both sides investing significantly but could not provide details due to classified nature. Warden added the deal improves ROIC over the life of the program for both parties.
Calendar 2025 Q4
if the b 21 acceleration of work hits in the quarter, should we think about that as being potentially additive to 2026 EBIT? Dollars? Or is it more of a wash in 2026
Show response
Warden said not much 2026 EBIT impact. Company expects $2-3B investment over multi-year period with improved returns and accelerated revenue, but greater impact in 2027-2029.
you got a big award on Gen 63 here in the quarter. But I believe in your prepared remarks, you called for flat volumes on that program. So can you just clarify why the volumes are flat
Show response
Crews explained Gen 63 volumes flat in 2026 as capacity expansion continues. Growth expected to reaccelerate in 2027 alongside restricted space security programs.
Calendar 2025 Q3
could you give any quantitative detail on the 2B21 financial items in the quarter between the higher EMD flight test costs and the contract restructure
Show response
Crews confirmed the B-21 EMD cost growth and LRIP restructure offset were immaterial, essentially netting to zero in Q3.
can you give us any sense for how international book to bill has trended on a year-to-date basis?
Show response
Crews noted international book-to-bill started at 1.45 in Q1, slightly below 1x in Q2-Q3 as backlog converts, but with 20% YTD and 32% quarterly sales growth.
Calendar 2025 Q2
can you share your latest framework and how we should be thinking about growth at Space Systems over the next couple of years
Show response
Warden acknowledged dynamic environment but expects space to return to growth in 2026 after 2025 downturn, with Golden Dome as significant budget driver.
Calendar 2025 Q1
would it be reasonable to think that you're biased toward the lower end of the prior range given these B-21 costs
Show response
Crews acknowledged cash flow impact concentrated in 2026-2028 but said risk ranges were built into guidance. Did not explicitly address lower-end bias.
Are you reiterating the previous free cash flow targets for 2026, 2027, and 2028?
Show response
Crews confirmed all multi-year FCF guidance ranges held, including $4B for 2028, with focus on performance and rationalizing investment.
Calendar 2024 Q4
the guide imply some pretty solid margin expansion in Mission Systems? Maybe you could talk a little bit through the specific drivers
Show response
Crews attributed expansion to factory efficiency, team development at scale, digital technologies, and G&A reduction.
if the Air Force were to elect to accelerate production on B-21, would the incremental units that get accelerated have similar unit pricing
Show response
Warden deferred specifics on pricing, noting it would be a discussion informed by accumulating performance data.
HIIHuntington Ingalls Industries9 questions · 5 reporting periods · 5 of 9 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
why do they get recognized in margin at the time of award rather than the period of execution against those milestones
Show response
Stiehle said the majority of incentives are recognized on a go-forward basis, with a piece booked in Q2 given the urgency of starting investments, but declined to give specifics.
Calendar 2026 Q1
can you explain what is driving the additional delays for LHA 8, 9 and 10 that the Navy justification book show?
Show response
LHA 8 has test program challenges with new systems but test rate improving in recent weeks. Navy J-book schedule dates are contextual. Very confident in post-COVID LHA 9 and 10 margin improvement.
does the 2Q guide include any margin benefit at Newport News from the expected contract awards that Kari mentioned.
Show response
Stiehle confirmed submarine awards are probability-weighted in the Q2 guide. Incentives for performance and cash collections will depend on timing of award execution. Comfortable with progress.
Calendar 2025 Q4
there are a lot of data centers under construction in the state of Virginia. It looks like within an hour or two's drive from Newport News. Are you seeing that have any kind of impact on the labor ...
Show response
No impact seen from nearby data center construction on labor availability. Newport News hiring was very strong in H2 2025. Regional workforce development centers continue to provide good pipeline.
do you expect the company to make money Morning. On CVN 80 and 81? Given this trend of negative EACs?
Show response
Kastner confirmed expectation of profitability on CVN 80 and 81. Late material risk is behind them. CVN-80 is now 50% erected with team working to get back on sequence after deck over.
Calendar 2025 Q3
after you raised the wages for your workers in Newport News, did you see any other local area industries respond in kind by also raising wages?
Show response
No material competitive wage response in the local market. Wage increases have been effective at reducing attrition. About 50% of hires now come from workforce development centers, apprentice schools, and high school programs.
relative to that 15% throughput target, are you looking for a similar number from both Ingalls and Newport News? Or is that target materially different between the 2 yards?
Show response
Both yards are achieving roughly equal throughput improvement levels, split approximately equally between increased outsourcing and labor force performance. The reduction from 20% to 15% was also roughly equal.
Calendar 2024 Q4
were the Virginia class negative EACs on the block four boats, the block five boats, or both
Show response
Stiehle confirmed negative EACs on both Block 4 and Block 5 Virginia class boats. Kastner clarified Block 5 boats were negotiated in 2019, which is pre-COVID.
would the contract change on CVN 79 result in a change in delivery timeline for that ship
Show response
Kastner acknowledged potential timeline impact from additional combat capability additions based on CVN 78 deployment lessons, but wouldn't confirm specifics.
TDGTransDigm Group9 questions · 7 reporting periods · 1 of 9 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
Can you give us a sense as to how many SKUs the defense business sells and the average volume on those SKUs?
Show response
Mike said the defense business spans tens to hundreds of thousands of SKUs, a broad base largely derived from commercial technologies, while deferring on the legislation's final impact.
Calendar 2026 Q1
are there any parts of your supply chain where you're seeing meaningful extensions in lead times
Show response
Joel said no core supply-chain issues were flagged across the 50-plus op units and performance is in the high 90% range, with only occasional sub-supplier slips.
Calendar 2025 Q4
does Jet Parts currently have many PMAs on existing TransDigm products?
Show response
Mike confirmed no significant overlap between Jet Parts PMAs and existing TransDigm products. Will run as independent entities following standard TransDigm playbook.
what would you define as material? Is it less than 1% share loss per year?
Show response
Patrick said PMA share loss is small and not something they're seeing as an issue. Operating units monitor it at the ground level. On-time delivery has improved significantly which helps defend share.
Calendar 2025 Q3
can you share any detail on the average contract duration at Simmons?
Show response
Mike said Simmonds has a typical range of contracts, some relatively short and some life-of-program. Not dramatically different from any other TransDigm acquisition.
we expect this decoupling of sales growth from headcount growth to continue beyond 26?
Show response
Joel said they're hopeful automation and AI investment will keep headcount below sales growth rate. Operating units focused on driving sales per employee higher each year as one of three value drivers.
Calendar 2025 Q2
it's also underpacing the airframe companies. So is there anything unique to TransDigm's portfolio you can point to that's driving that?
Show response
Mike attributed the underperformance vs airframe peers to natural lumpiness. TDG outgrew the peer group in early COVID recovery quarters. Over the 4-year span, volumes are where they should be relative to takeoffs and landings.
Calendar 2024 Q4
did the OEM contract renegotiation you've spoken about in the recent past conclude, or is that contract still being negotiated?
Show response
Kevin confirmed the Boeing contract was successfully closed in December, with new terms starting January 1st. Same duration as prior contract, no retroactive impact.
Calendar 2024 Q3
how TransDigm's commercial aftermarket revenue breaks down between airframe and in the engine?
Show response
Joel confirmed TDG is about market-weighted between engine and airframe. Engine-focused units like Harcos and Auxitrol showed pockets of outsized strength.
GDGeneral Dynamics8 questions · 4 reporting periods · 1 of 8 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
can you share an update on the G300 and G400 development time lines, and your latest expectations as to the timing
Show response
Phebe declined EIS estimates as regulator-paced but disclosed a planned production break between the G280 and G300.
Does that production break create any kind of absorption pressure that we should be aware of?
Show response
Phebe answered no, citing the partner agreement, while conceding some production may lag late this year.
Danny, are G700 margins approaching mature levels at this point?
Show response
Danny confirmed remaining margin headroom on both the G700 and G800, concentrated in completions.
Calendar 2025 Q4
can you walk us through what drives free cash flow conversion to the 100% range in '26? Despite that big step up in CapEx
Show response
Kim Kuryea attributed 100% FCF conversion target to strong operating performance across business units, confirmed no Navy working capital support for CapEx, targeting 100% conversion into next couple of years
given the strong orders and demand at Gulfstream, as well as the strength on the production and supply chain side, I guess, wouldn't the delivery growth in 2026 be higher than this 1% increase
Show response
Novakovic defended 160-unit guidance as prudent, noting final test and delivery are bottlenecks, working to expand completion capacity through efficiency and tooling while absorbing 30.5% and 16.5% revenue growth in 2024-2025
Calendar 2025 Q2
was the order strength at Gulfstream this quarter pretty well spread across aircraft types?
Show response
Confirmed broad-based order strength led by G700 then G600, with good geographic distribution and growing G800 interest into Q3
does getting to high teens margins at Aerospace require meaningfully higher Gulfstream deliveries
Show response
Confirmed high-teens margins require combination of volume, mix improvement, and learning curve progression without specifying which dominates
Calendar 2024 Q4
can you go into a bit more detail on what drove the margin strength at Aerospace this quarter
Show response
Deflected with broad commentary about group size and complexity rather than pinpointing specific margin drivers for the quarter
HWMHowmet Aerospace8 questions · 7 reporting periods · 1 of 8 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
is that transition to multi-chemistry coatings still largely in front of you
Show response
John described multi-chemistry coating capacity that deposits all chemistries at once on internal and external blade surfaces, having filled the last space at Whitehall pending expansion.
Calendar 2026 Q1
what factors drove the step function change in the Commercial Aerospace growth at Engine Products in the quarter
Show response
Plant gave comprehensive breakdown: anticipated OEM build rates, catch-up demand, share gains, price increases, and 48% spares growth. GTF Advantage production ramping through 2026, LEAP-1B Maverick changeover expected by year-end.
Calendar 2025 Q4
do you see a future scenario where your gas turbine revenue at interim products could ultimately be larger than the commercial jet engine revenue?
Show response
Plant said no, aerospace growing too fast for IGT to overtake. But noted product mix is shifting toward more complex cored turbine blades, increasing content and value per part.
Calendar 2025 Q3
should we be thinking about flattish CapEx in those years relative to 2025? Or could that increase?
Show response
Plant said CapEx likely to exceed $400M in 2025 and remain high in 2026 and 2027. IGT will be a higher relative percentage. Every customer conversation reveals expanding opportunities.
Calendar 2025 Q2
you had some very strong sequential growth in aerospace fastener revenues this quarter, but it didn't really drop through to sequential EBITDA growth
Show response
Plant attributed sequential margin flatness entirely to tariff drag, noting fasteners had highest tariff impact. Adjusted for tariffs, margin would start with 30%. Expects recovery in 2H.
Calendar 2025 Q1
within that 33% [ph] spares growth figure, can you segment that at all by end market, perhaps just to highlight what end markets were accretive
Show response
Plant broke out spares: Commercial Aero/Defense up 40%+, IGT/Oil&Gas mid-teens. Confirmed LEAP LPT destocking still ongoing but should clear by Q3-Q4 as production reaches 400+ engines/quarter.
Calendar 2024 Q4
can you say what the guidance is assuming on the GTF advantage certification timing?
Show response
Plant gave detailed timeline: GTF mid-2025, LEAP-1A changeover complete as of January, LEAP-1B not until mid-2026. Thorough answer covering all engine programs.
You referenced engineered structures benefiting from product rationalization this quarter. You can just explain in a bit more detail what that product rationalization point is referring to?
Show response
Plant explained three European facility closures/divestitures plus productivity gains drove the margin improvement. Expressed confidence in sustaining the exit rate.
RTXRTX Corporation8 questions · 7 reporting periods · 2 of 8 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
share your latest thoughts on the durability of the shop visit demand for PW4000 and V2500 over the next few years
Show response
Calio said V2500 shop visits are on plan with low retirements and long runway; PW4000 in expected managed decline; GTF aftermarket margins low double digits.
Calendar 2026 Q1
can you explain how the transition to GTF Advantage will influence negative engine margin on the program?
Show response
Mitchill said Advantage has slightly higher cost but better pricing, roughly neutral per-engine. Q1 OE margin impact was flat. Aftermarket margins are low double digits with heavier shop visit mix improving sequentially.
can you walk us through how you're thinking about the pricing strategy for [ Hot Section Plus ], which I believe is off warranty?
Show response
Calio confirmed Hot Section Plus introduces 30-35 parts delivering 95% of Advantage durability benefits. Plans to capture value for investment but evaluating contract-by-contract where it's most beneficial.
Calendar 2025 Q4
Neil, why does Pratt commercial aftermarket growth slow to high single digits in 2026? Particularly given the strength you saw here in the fourth quarter?
Show response
Mitchill detailed V2500 shop visits ~800 (within 20 of 2025), PW4000/2000 retirements creating ~$100M headwind, GTF aftermarket growing at similar rate to 2025 with low double-digit margins expanding 1-2pts. Calio said Asheville casting foundry impact in 2028-2029 timeframe.
Calendar 2025 Q3
was the GTF spare engine ratio down year-over-year this quarter? Or are these spare engines just being heavily discounted
Show response
Mitchill denied spare engine discounting, said mix between installs and spares unchanged. Expects continued OE step-up in Q4 with more negative engine margin headwind.
Calendar 2025 Q2
should we expect the net impact of tariffs to decline in 2026 relative to 2025, assuming these current rates hold?
Show response
Mitchill declined to quantify 2026 but intent is no larger YoY headwind. Continued progress on USMCA qualification, military duty-free exemptions, and bonding.
Calendar 2025 Q1
Chris, have you seen any operational impacts of the SPS fire at either Collins or Pratt?
Show response
Calio said teams were working on alternate suppliers and felt increasingly optimistic about avoiding notable impacts from the SPS facility fire.
Calendar 2024 Q4
are there any components of the free cash flow outlook in 2025 that you would call out as potentially normalizing or reversing in 2026
Show response
Mitchill outlined $8.4B operational FCF baseline ex-powder metal, with continued working capital improvement runway from inventory and contract assets.
Show 3 more companies
GEGE Aerospace6 questions · 6 reporting periods · 1 of 6 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q1
an update on LEAP aftermarket profitability, and particularly how LEAP aftermarket margins are trending in 2026 relative to 2025
Show response
Ghai provided clear margin trajectory: LEAP services improving from breakeven a few years ago, repairs doubling YoY, external channel at 15% vs 10% eighteen months ago, approaching CES-level margins by 2028.
Calendar 2025 Q4
can you quantify what the GE9X headwind ended up being in 2025? What is the incremental profit headwind from NINEX in 2026
Show response
Rahul confirmed 9X losses landed at couple hundred million in 2025 as expected, will double in 2026 as volume grows. Q1 2026 expected strong with high-teens total company revenue growth, services benefiting from absence of prior-year CMR charge, 85% of Q1 spare parts in backlog.
Calendar 2025 Q3
would you be able to share any of your current thinking on 2026 at this point, particularly as it relates to CES revenue growth
Show response
Rahul said environment feels better than 3 months ago with departures solidly 3-4%. Expects ~2,000 LEAP shipments in 2026, 9X losses to double YoY, margin expansion limited. Larry noted still in line with 2028 framework from July with demand tailwinds and FLIGHT DECK momentum.
Calendar 2025 Q2
the high end of the 2025 guide implies second half EBIT nearly $500 million lower than the first half
Show response
Rahul attributed the 2H step-down to 9X shipments concentrated in 2H, lower spare engine ratio, corporate expense step-up, R&D increase, and conservatism on departures. Emphasized still expecting strong year-over-year profit growth in 2H.
Calendar 2025 Q1
can you characterize how much of that 100% increase in price you see at this point in the income statement
Show response
Rahul said LEAP pricing step-up from post-launch era has not yet fully hit the P&L; will take another couple of years as contracts cycle through.
Calendar 2024 Q4
can you refresh us on what the 2025 guide is assuming with respect to LEAP OE profitability?
Show response
Rahul gave a detailed timeline on LEAP profitability milestones and explained drivers including shop visits, spare parts, pricing, and lower warranty.
LMTLockheed Martin5 questions · 5 reporting periods · 1 of 5 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
if you're willing to deploy CapEx for those scale-ups ahead of formal awards?
Show response
Jim confirmed directly that Lockheed is investing in manufacturing and design capability ahead of orders.
Calendar 2026 Q1
can you share an update on the classified program in Aeronautics, including how risk is trending on the program
Show response
Taiclet confirmed no charges in Q1, increased executive oversight, and expressed cautious optimism about the path forward. Noted strong government commitment but acknowledged remaining complexity and risk.
Calendar 2025 Q3
is it CH-53Ks volume at Sikorsky that's trending lower than expected? Or is it Blackhawk?
Show response
Evan confirmed CH-53K is the main driver. Jim added autonomous Blackhawk as emerging growth opportunity with $5M per unit autonomy package for contested logistics.
Calendar 2025 Q1
Can you clarify, number one, if that effort would be self-funded or customer-funded?
Show response
Jim explained co-investment model between government and LMT, detailed sensor upgrades (radar, passive IR), stealth enhancements, and extended weapons range, all enabling 80% of sixth-gen at 50% cost.
Calendar 2024 Q4
Can you talk a bit about what drives that underlying margin decline, particularly given that you are on these newer contracts for F-35
Show response
Jay explained Aero margins guided from 10.2% to ~10% due to lower net profit adjustments and classified growth mix headwinds, partially offset by F-16 margin benefits.
BAThe Boeing Company4 questions · 4 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
Calendar 2025 Q3
is that a target that you're willing to endorse? And if so, do you think the business is on the trajectory to achieve it
Show response
Malave said too early to commit to specific long-term framework after 2.5 months, but confident in underlying cash generation capability. Will present framework at appropriate time.
Calendar 2025 Q2
do you have a sense for when BCA will need to begin making these types of design decisions in order to have a competitive entry into service date
Show response
Ortberg outlined three work streams: market readiness, company readiness, and technology readiness. None converging yet. Not ready to announce decision dates.
Calendar 2025 Q1
on the last call you seem to reference that the free cash flow usage for the year will be somewhere in the $4 billion to $5 billion range
Show response
West maintained the $4-5B range, said Q2 usage similar to Q1, second half turning positive and accelerating. Strong start provides buffer for China/tariff unknowns.
Calendar 2024 Q4
can you characterize the pace at which you think the business can liquidate 777X aircrafts from inventory once EIS hits
Show response
Management explained initial 777X deliveries will be change-order airplanes with lower cash generation, but 2027 onward should see accelerating free cash flow.
Challenge rate by company
Every company this analyst questioned, most questions first. A company-level rate is shown from 3 questions; below that it is withheld.
| Company | Questions | Challenge rate |
|---|---|---|
| NOC Northrop Grumman | 13 | 8%1 of 13 questions |
| HII Huntington Ingalls Industries | 9 | 56%5 of 9 questions |
| TDG TransDigm Group | 9 | 11%1 of 9 questions |
| GD General Dynamics | 8 | 13%1 of 8 questions |
| HWM Howmet Aerospace | 8 | 13%1 of 8 questions |
| RTX RTX Corporation | 8 | 25%2 of 8 questions |
| GE GE Aerospace | 6 | 17%1 of 6 questions |
| LMT Lockheed Martin | 5 | 20%1 of 5 questions |
| BA The Boeing Company | 4 | 0%none of 4 questions |
- NOCNorthrop Grumman · 13 questions8%1 of 13 questions
- HIIHuntington Ingalls Industries · 9 questions56%5 of 9 questions
- TDGTransDigm Group · 9 questions11%1 of 9 questions
- GDGeneral Dynamics · 8 questions13%1 of 8 questions
- HWMHowmet Aerospace · 8 questions13%1 of 8 questions
- RTXRTX Corporation · 8 questions25%2 of 8 questions
- GEGE Aerospace · 6 questions17%1 of 6 questions
- LMTLockheed Martin · 5 questions20%1 of 5 questions
- BAThe Boeing Company · 4 questions0%none of 4 questions
Activity by reporting period
Questions recorded for each calendar quarter that companies’ reporting periods map to (not the call date), with the challenge rate for that period. Periods inside the range with no questions are shown as “No questions recorded”.
| Calendar period | Questions | Challenge rate | Companies |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Q3 | 1 | 0%none of 1 question | 1 |
| 2024 Q4 | 12 | 25%3 of 12 questions | 9 |
| 2025 Q1 | 7 | 0%none of 7 questions | 6 |
| 2025 Q2 | 8 | 38%3 of 8 questions | 7 |
| 2025 Q3 | 11 | 9%1 of 11 questions | 8 |
| 2025 Q4 | 11 | 36%4 of 11 questions | 7 |
| 2026 Q1 | 10 | 10%1 of 10 questions | 7 |
| 2026 Q2 | 10 | 10%1 of 10 questions | 7 |
- 2024 Q31 question · challenge rate 0% (none of 1 question) · 1 company
- 2024 Q412 questions · challenge rate 25% (3 of 12 questions) · 9 companies
- 2025 Q17 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 7 questions) · 6 companies
- 2025 Q28 questions · challenge rate 38% (3 of 8 questions) · 7 companies
- 2025 Q311 questions · challenge rate 9% (1 of 11 questions) · 8 companies
- 2025 Q411 questions · challenge rate 36% (4 of 11 questions) · 7 companies
- 2026 Q110 questions · challenge rate 10% (1 of 10 questions) · 7 companies
- 2026 Q210 questions · challenge rate 10% (1 of 10 questions) · 7 companies
Topics
Topics tagged on this analyst’s questions.
- Margin26
- Demand16
- Product Launch13
- Revenue Growth11
- Cost Pressure10
- Competitive Dynamics9
- Innovation & R&D8
- Capex Investment7
- Supply Chain7
- Capital Allocation6
Show all 18 topics
- Pricing6
- Guidance Reliability5
- Regulation Policy2
- M&A2
- Labor Market2
- Cloud & AI2
- Trade Tariffs2
- Geographic Expansion1