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Analyst
Paul Patterson
Period: Reporting periods mapped to calendar 2024 Q4 – 2026 Q2 (7 quarters).
- Questions
- 44on tracked calls
- Challenge rate
- 7%3 of 44 questions
- Companies
- 10questioned at least once
- Reporting periods
- 7with questions
These figures cover the whole profile: every tracked question, all reporting periods.
How to read these numbers
Challenge rate is the share of questions that pushed back, pressed for specifics or questioned management’s assumptions. It describes how questions were asked on the calls tracked here; it does not measure whether any view turned out to be right.
Rounding. Rates are rounded to whole percentages, so a small share can show as 0% even when some questions were challenging. The count beside each rate is exact; “none of N questions” means no question was challenging.
No questions recorded. “—” means there is nothing to calculate: no questions were recorded for that period on the calls tracked here. It does not mean there was no activity.
Fewer than 3 questions. A company-level rate is withheld when fewer than 3 questions were recorded for that company; the questions are still counted everywhere else.
Small samples. Profiles with fewer than 10 questions are marked Limited sample.
Reporting periods. Questions are grouped by the calendar quarter each company’s fiscal reporting period maps to, not by the date of the call. Periods without a calendar mapping are listed separately under their fiscal label.
Questions asked
Grouped by company, most questions first. Open a company to read its questions, newest reporting period first.
Showing 44 of 44 questions from 10 companies
EVRGEvergy7 questions · 3 reporting periods · 0 of 7 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
do you think there's a potential for a settlement or anything now that testimony has been filed
Show response
Campbell pointed to a strong settlement track record and the late-September settlement conference, describing it as a straightforward infrastructure case with a data center affordability benefit.
could you go over the rate increase impacts? You guys went a little quickly, and I apologize
Show response
Campbell said the projection is based on modeling of the LLPS tariff impact, noted inflation is trending 2-3%, and clarified Missouri West is the jurisdiction expected to run above inflation near-term.
Calendar 2025 Q3
if you could just sort of quantify like how that -- how much that you think that would impact the $2.8 billion and the sort of timing
Show response
Buckler reiterated hundreds of millions in equity reduction possible from load growth but noted upside bias in capital needs provides offset.
How should we think about those mitigation measures going forward? Do those -- are those a timing issue and they'll show up next year?
Show response
Campbell confirmed mitigation measures are in-year actions that don't impact fundamental long-term outlook.
when would it go -- at what time frame would it go from 25 to the 100?
Show response
Campbell said Lambda could scale from 24 MW to over 100 MW within 4 to 5 years, leveraging existing building and T&D infrastructure.
Calendar 2025 Q2
with respect to the solar projects that are approved, there's no more federal approvals or permitting or anything associated with that?
Show response
Campbell expressed confidence that 3 approved solar projects qualify under OBBBA, with a robust set of alternatives for future projects.
how much do these large load proceedings, the tariff ones at the respective commissions play into finalizing -- or how should we think of the pipeline
Show response
Campbell said tariff isn't a gating factor as customers are advancing in parallel, noting $200M in financial commitments already received.
ESEversource Energy6 questions · 4 reporting periods · 1 of 6 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q1
On the Connecticut PBR, are we going to wait another ten years for something on that? I am joking, but what is the status?
Show response
Nolan acknowledged PBR is deprioritized behind more urgent regulatory matters including the CL&P rate case and FERC proceedings.
Do you know what triggered FERC, after all this time, to come out with this decision seemingly out of nowhere?
Show response
Moreira offered speculation rather than definitive insight, suggesting FERC may be deferring to courts for final resolution.
Calendar 2025 Q4
With the Aquarion sale, what is the difference if you get it or you do not? In terms of the incremental amount of equity or equity hybrids
Show response
Moreira clarified the $1.6B equity portion of Aquarion sale proceeds is the delta. Without sale, alternative financing fills the gap. With no sale, Aquarion remains a strong asset and company will file rate case to improve earnings.
on the Eversource Gas benefit in the fourth quarter, that if I read the press release correctly, it was in the parent
Show response
Moreira explained $82M EGMA integration costs incurred at parent level per 2020 acquisition settlement. Recovery approved over 10 years from EGMA customers but benefit recorded at parent to reimburse the funding source.
Calendar 2025 Q3
How should we think about your tax rate on an adjusted basis for the quarter and how you see it going forward
Show response
Moreira noted 2024 tax rate was high teens, 2025 expected low 20%, and 2026 will normalize to sustainable level. The $210M offshore wind tax benefit was separate from recurring results, achieved by reclassifying wind losses as ordinary versus capital for 15-year carryforward.
Calendar 2025 Q1
when do you think the first practical impact on rates would be experienced if -- I mean, if you can
Show response
Moreira noted Yankee Gas case already includes proposed PBR. Revised straw proposal expected mid-year. Timing interaction with October Yankee decision is uncertain.
PNWPinnacle West6 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 6 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
what you could share, if anything, on sort of your takeaways or insights on the election
Show response
Geisler emphasized the strategy of reliable, low-cost service resonates regardless of which commissioners sit, and the reliance on non-elected staff.
Calendar 2026 Q1
you also mentioned looking for additional opportunities. Could you elaborate a little on your thinking there?
Show response
Andrew confirmed ~$200M already achieved toward future-year needs beyond 2026. Total 3-year need of $1.0-1.2B being worked down opportunistically. Rate case outcome and subscription model could further reduce needs.
Calendar 2025 Q4
it sounds like there's a lot of kind of excitement for -- in the context of utilities. In terms of this resource and I was just wondering if you guys, any thoughts about what the -- if there's anyt...
Show response
Ted characterized new nuclear as medium to long-term opportunity. Needs constructive policy, supply chain capacity, and trades workforce. Actively involved but no near-term investment expected.
are you any thoughts about maybe potentially a settlement on the case
Show response
Ted said traditional hearing path preferred due to formula rate mechanics and high-load factor tariff design. Company has track record of successful settlements but this case has unique elements better served by hearing.
Calendar 2025 Q2
the solar power plant performance, it looks like for the 6 months and 3 months, it's -- the performance is down, I guess, from 36% to 26%. Can you just tell me what that is?
Show response
Ted clarified it's not curtailment but rather capacity value declining as solar penetration increases. Actual solar facilities performing as expected.
Calendar 2025 Q1
Just could you tell me what triggered that?
Show response
Andrew explained El Dorado holds legacy non-utility energy investments. The electric switchgear company showed higher profitability, triggering gain recognition. Called it small and non-core.
WECWEC Energy Group6 questions · 3 reporting periods · 1 of 6 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
you don't expect this lawsuit and its outcome, assuming, let's say, that Oracle loses as having a significant impact
Show response
Direct and unequivocal: said nothing in this particular project is tied to the lawsuit outcome.
could you just give a little bit more color on the moving parts here? I think I understand the absence
Show response
Direct: itemised the $0.04 net from impairment and insurance, $0.02 of insurance, and said some favourability reverses in Q4.
Calendar 2025 Q4
The other $75 million just from a geography, you know, AA income statement geography, where does that show up?
Show response
Liu confirmed the non-rate-base portion of the Illinois settlement charge flows through revenues line for accounting reasons.
the residential number looks like you're planning a going down in 2026. Not by much, but just in general, is that because of energy efficiency
Show response
Liu explained conservative forecasting approach: good customer growth offset by slight decline in usage per customer.
Calendar 2024 Q4
I was wondering how you felt, how that. If that has any - impact on your thoughts regarding, the gas situation
Show response
Confirmed WEC's own Illinois appeal pending, noted Ameren win as somewhat positive precedent. SMP decision expected next quarter.
What are your expectations in going forward, on what kind of opportunities might be there with respect to that category?
Show response
Liu described debt extinguishment as opportunistic tool not in base plan, dependent on market conditions.
PEGPublic Service Enterprise Group5 questions · 3 reporting periods · 1 of 5 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
the energy efficiency order that came out and how you see that -- what is that -- it seems a little unusual
Show response
Ralph characterized the EE order as a narrow, prospective framework tied to extension assets and on-bill financing, not a broad regulatory signal.
Calendar 2025 Q2
is there any thought about revisiting what you were mentioning before? Because it sounds like you could build those as a utility asset
Show response
LaRossa distinguished between merchant and rate-based battery solutions. BPU and Garden State storage currently favor merchant approach, but LaRossa sees a role for utilities as well.
is it likely that anything is going to happen legislatively, you think this year in New Jersey
Show response
LaRossa saw bipartisan momentum despite legislative recess, noting both gubernatorial candidates want more control over reliability, affordability, and environmental outcomes.
Calendar 2024 Q4
what does that actually mean in terms of when you think that actual order might come out?
Show response
Cregg took FERC at face value on their thirty-day timeline statements, expressing confidence they will deliver on stated urgency.
what are your thoughts about it? I mean, I'd just be curious as to what you think might come out of all the examination of this market
Show response
LaRossa deferred on specific policy predictions, noting NJ is at a crossroads. Solutions will likely bridge administrations and PSEG is focused on educating stakeholders.
PPLPPL Corporation5 questions · 3 reporting periods · 0 of 5 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
any thoughts or outlook about what we might see legislatively with respect to some of the legislation that's passed
Show response
Management gave a broad read: the state remains supportive of data center development provided customers and communities are protected.
Calendar 2026 Q1
You have mentioned a unique competitive advantage with your advanced transmission systems. You have been involved in DLR
Show response
Sorgi detailed PPL's transmission advantage: upsized steel infrastructure enables sub-$150M per GW connections vs $1B+ for some peers, with hyperscalers paying over half. DLR integrated into PJM day-ahead market.
Is there any progress there, given the governor's concerns and potential benefits to wholesale markets?
Show response
Sorgi said legislation remains in committee and the legislature likely will wait to see how PJM market dynamics shake out. PPL is not waiting, pursuing generation through JV.
Calendar 2024 Q4
with the potential for new generation, you know, utility-owned generation. It would appear in the current auction environment that that could substantially lower cost wholesale costs
Show response
Vince outlined 3-5 year timeline for generation construction and discussed capacity auction dynamics with $325/MW-day cap for next two auctions.
with respect to the DISC, the DSIC. I apologize if I missed this, but it at least from what I was thinking, I was thinking it's gonna be maybe addressed a little bit earlier
Show response
Joe confirmed no scheduled timeline for DSIC decision, but no concerning issues from commission perspective.
Show 4 more companies
AEEAmeren4 questions · 2 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
Calendar 2025 Q3
is there a potential for any rate base change as a result of the IRS and the FERC order that you're referring to?
Show response
Moehn confirmed small rate base benefit from NOL reclassification but characterized it as immaterial, which is why the $0.18 tax benefit was excluded from adjusted earnings.
it sounds like you guys are sort of being conservative now. And when you guys refresh the numbers and everything, there's a potential for upside
Show response
Lyons acknowledged upside potential but emphasized guidance reflects best estimate given current facts. Key missing piece is ESA execution and firmed ramp rates.
Calendar 2025 Q2
there has been a complaint that was filed on Wednesday, which you guys are probably very familiar with from a different bunch of state commissions
Show response
Lyons expressed disappointment at the filing, defended MISO's thorough process, and hoped it would not delay needed transmission investments.
If there was a potential issue in which sand was sort of thrown in the gear, so to speak and the tax -- some tax cuts were made in eligible
Show response
Lyons argued legislative intent codifies decade of precedent. Moehn detailed $1.5B in credits is well-protected: $750M in-service by 2027, $250M batteries safe-harbored by year-end.
ETREntergy3 questions · 2 reporting periods · 0 of 3 challenging
Calendar 2025 Q2
on the July 7 executive order, have you guys had any sense as to what we might see coming out of that
Show response
CFO confirmed active engagement with industry on executive order impacts but no specific insights to share. Working to safe harbor as many projects as possible under existing rules.
Calendar 2024 Q4
on the new nuke, when do you think we might see potential announcement? What's the earliest that we could maybe hear something on that
Show response
CEO clearly stated no announcement expected this year. Working on framework but emphasized ongoing customer interest and conversations.
I know you guys are focused on affordability, and you mentioned the – these large customers paying for themselves
Show response
CFO noted rate growth slightly above 3.5% CAGR without fuel, driven by increased investment. Sales from new customers will moderate pressure when they come online.
FEFirstEnergy1 question · 1 reporting period · 0 of 1 challenging
Calendar 2025 Q4
how much of this, I guess, is demand driven
Show response
Tierney split: $5B open window is all demand driven; remaining is aging infrastructure with 60-70% of system reaching end of useful life in next decade.
XELXcel Energy1 question · 1 reporting period · 0 of 1 challenging
Calendar 2025 Q4
just had one question left on these PSPSs, these power shutoffs and sort of some of the news that's come out about them from the fire districts and from these lawmakers
Show response
Year-over-year PSPS performance improved significantly in coordination, early warning, and restoration; investing in segmentation, battery pilots for medical customers, and outage communication technology.
Challenge rate by company
Every company this analyst questioned, most questions first. A company-level rate is shown from 3 questions; below that it is withheld.
| Company | Questions | Challenge rate |
|---|---|---|
| EVRG Evergy | 7 | 0%none of 7 questions |
| ES Eversource Energy | 6 | 17%1 of 6 questions |
| PNW Pinnacle West | 6 | 0%none of 6 questions |
| WEC WEC Energy Group | 6 | 17%1 of 6 questions |
| PEG Public Service Enterprise Group | 5 | 20%1 of 5 questions |
| PPL PPL Corporation | 5 | 0%none of 5 questions |
| AEE Ameren | 4 | 0%none of 4 questions |
| ETR Entergy | 3 | 0%none of 3 questions |
| FE FirstEnergy | 1 | —Rate withheld: fewer than 3 questions |
| XEL Xcel Energy | 1 | —Rate withheld: fewer than 3 questions |
- EVRGEvergy · 7 questions0%none of 7 questions
- ESEversource Energy · 6 questions17%1 of 6 questions
- PNWPinnacle West · 6 questions0%none of 6 questions
- WECWEC Energy Group · 6 questions17%1 of 6 questions
- PEGPublic Service Enterprise Group · 5 questions20%1 of 5 questions
- PPLPPL Corporation · 5 questions0%none of 5 questions
- AEEAmeren · 4 questions0%none of 4 questions
- ETREntergy · 3 questions0%none of 3 questions
- FEFirstEnergy · 1 question—rate withheld: under 3 questions
- XELXcel Energy · 1 question—rate withheld: under 3 questions
Activity by reporting period
Questions recorded for each calendar quarter that companies’ reporting periods map to (not the call date), with the challenge rate for that period. Periods inside the range with no questions are shown as “No questions recorded”.
| Calendar period | Questions | Challenge rate | Companies |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Q4 | 8 | 0%none of 8 questions | 4 |
| 2025 Q1 | 2 | 0%none of 2 questions | 2 |
| 2025 Q2 | 8 | 0%none of 8 questions | 5 |
| 2025 Q3 | 6 | 0%none of 6 questions | 3 |
| 2025 Q4 | 8 | 0%none of 8 questions | 5 |
| 2026 Q1 | 5 | 20%1 of 5 questions | 3 |
| 2026 Q2 | 7 | 29%2 of 7 questions | 5 |
- 2024 Q48 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 8 questions) · 4 companies
- 2025 Q12 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 2 questions) · 2 companies
- 2025 Q28 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 8 questions) · 5 companies
- 2025 Q36 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 6 questions) · 3 companies
- 2025 Q48 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 8 questions) · 5 companies
- 2026 Q15 questions · challenge rate 20% (1 of 5 questions) · 3 companies
- 2026 Q27 questions · challenge rate 29% (2 of 7 questions) · 5 companies
Topics
Topics tagged on this analyst’s questions.
- Regulation Policy27
- Margin7
- Capex Investment6
- Innovation & R&D4
- Competitive Dynamics4
- Cost Pressure3
- Capital Allocation3
- Demand3
- Pricing2
- Cloud & AI2
Show all 15 topics
- Credit1
- M&A1
- Revenue Growth1
- Guidance Reliability1
- Macroeconomic1