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Analyst

Ravi Shanker

Morgan Stanley · covers Industrials

Period: Reporting periods mapped to calendar 2024 Q4 – 2026 Q2 (7 quarters).

Questions
52on tracked calls
Challenge rate
15%8 of 52 questions
Companies
10questioned at least once
Reporting periods
7with questions

These figures cover the whole profile: every tracked question, all reporting periods.

How to read these numbers

Challenge rate is the share of questions that pushed back, pressed for specifics or questioned management’s assumptions. It describes how questions were asked on the calls tracked here; it does not measure whether any view turned out to be right.

Rounding. Rates are rounded to whole percentages, so a small share can show as 0% even when some questions were challenging. The count beside each rate is exact; “none of N questions” means no question was challenging.

No questions recorded. “—” means there is nothing to calculate: no questions were recorded for that period on the calls tracked here. It does not mean there was no activity.

Fewer than 3 questions. A company-level rate is withheld when fewer than 3 questions were recorded for that company; the questions are still counted everywhere else.

Small samples. Profiles with fewer than 10 questions are marked Limited sample.

Reporting periods. Questions are grouped by the calendar quarter each company’s fiscal reporting period maps to, not by the date of the call. Periods without a calendar mapping are listed separately under their fiscal label.

Questions asked

Grouped by company, most questions first. Open a company to read its questions, newest reporting period first.

Showing 52 of 52 questions from 10 companies

DALDelta Air Lines11 questions · 6 reporting periods · 2 of 11 challenging
DAL company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

color on load factor by cabin and how you are thinking of balancing load factor versus preserving RASM

Revenue GrowthDemandTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Joe broke out premium versus main cabin load factors and explained the cabin mix shift lets Delta sell higher premium load factors.

Calendar 2025 Q4

do you have any indication that there's been maybe some pent-up demand from 3Q or 4Q? That's now coming on maybe in corporate or international which may, you know, which may kind of maybe question ...

ChallengingDemandMacroeconomicTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Glen acknowledged 2025 had choppy points causing travel hesitation. But framed the January strength as a return to normal rather than one-time pent-up, noting the tariff and economic uncertainty crescendo in Q1-Q2 2025 creates favorable comps.

what was the rationale for that aircraft versus the 350 or maybe some others?

Capex InvestmentGeographic ExpansionTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Joe cited fleet diversification across airframe and engine types, strong financial economics, premium seating capability, and cargo capacity. The 787-10 specifically replaces the 767-400 with a step-function margin improvement. Glen added the three wide-body types serve different network roles.

Calendar 2025 Q3

The dollar is not as favorable right now. But are you from what you can see right now, do you see European strength continuing into 1Q 26 similar to what you saw coming into this?

DemandGeographic ExpansionTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Glen gave a single-word affirmation that Transatlantic shoulder strength is continuing into Q1 2026 despite the less favorable dollar.

Can you help us understand how you're thinking about 1Q network planning just given all the continual noise that continues to be out there?

DemandCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Glen said Q1 demand is looking quite robust as it comes into focus. Planning to enter Q1 from a position of strength, hoping the spring swoon does not recur.

Calendar 2025 Q2

Can you elaborate on that a little bit more and give us your thoughts on industry capacity in 3Q and 4Q? Do you think we are at a point that we were last summer where demand and supply came into ba...

Competitive DynamicsDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Glen quantified a 4-point domestic capacity reduction from April through September, with industry seats down ~1% by September. Called it the most significant non-recessionary capacity pullback he has seen in his career.

can you just give us a little more color on the cabin segmentation? Again, how that's being received, what that means for premium cabin, and also there's speculation that you guys may launch a new ...

PricingSubscriber GrowthTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Glen described main cabin segmentation as the template for premium but did not address the ultra-premium credit card speculation. Focused on choice and pricing options.

Calendar 2025 Q1

can you remind us what percentage of your Transatlantic is European point of origin

Geographic ExpansionDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Glen confirmed only ~20% of transatlantic revenue is European point of origin. Historically able to resell weakened European demand from US and rest-of-world points of sale.

can you just help us with what the anatomy of a downturn usually looks like? And is it normal to have growth slow to stalled growth and then flip to a decline

MacroeconomicDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Ed noted every downturn is different and this one is somewhat self-imposed. Expressed hope sanity will prevail on global trade. Delta prepared to protect margins in any scenario.

Calendar 2024 Q4

just this kind of unusual strength in 1Q, you elaborated on that a little bit. But are you confident that this is not pulling forward from later in the summer

ChallengingDemandGeographic ExpansionTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Glen expressed strong confidence there is no pull-forward, attributing strength to boomers, euro at 1.02, and value proposition of European dining vs US.

how do we think about the pricing algorithm between the main cabin, mid-cabin, and the front of the plane

PricingCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Glen explained Delta has deliberately disconnected premium from main cabin pricing. Future premium growth will come from higher loads, not necessarily higher yields.

UALUnited Airlines Holdings8 questions · 6 reporting periods · 0 of 8 challenging
UAL company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

what do we think is the new benchmark for when United could raise pricing going forward in the coming years

PricingCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Kirby declined a direct pricing answer but reframed around the 90/10 cost-harmonization vs capacity split.

Calendar 2026 Q1

Just on fuel, it appears -- the debate appears to be moving from fuel inflation to fuel availability. Just trying to get a sense of what kind of visibility you guys might have

Supply ChainMacroeconomicTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Mike confirmed 4-5 weeks visibility. Issue centered on Europe/Asia, not US. Currently a price issue not availability issue as crack spreads widen. Longer strait remains closed, more availability risk grows.

Do you see any structural share gain opportunities in transatlantic or even longer haul from some of those challenges?

Competitive DynamicsGeographic ExpansionTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Scott views Middle East disruption as temporary. Dubai's accomplishments are remarkable and he'd bet on Dubai coming back fully. Won't come back immediately but will come back.

Calendar 2025 Q4

what can we expect next in terms of like when do we get the next set of long-term targets from you guys?

Guidance ReliabilityRevenue GrowthTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Mike said current long-term targets (double-digit margins, 75% FCF conversion, investment grade) remain the benchmarks. Andrew teased great commercial plans for latter part of decade to be shared in the future.

is this as conservative as it usually is? Or do you see reasons to make it kind of even more conservative for '26?

Guidance ReliabilityMacroeconomicTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Andrew noted forecast was finalized weeks ago with less Q2+ refinement. Business volumes compelling, international strong. Mike emphasized delivering within guide during 2025 headwinds as testament to guidance philosophy.

Calendar 2025 Q3

If you can just help quantify what you're seeing out there? What are some of the puts and takes in terms of the range of outcomes and whether that is your active guard building your guidance for th...

MacroeconomicRegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Management said controllers performing well, system running well with lowest cancellation rate in a decade for October. No measurable booking impact in first 2 weeks but risk grows with duration. Q4 guide range calibrated with shutdown in mind.

Calendar 2025 Q1

how do you think that evolves if we do get, you know, probably the first broad-based consumer recession we've had since 2008

Subscriber GrowthMacroeconomicTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Mike characterized loyalty as 'a rock in all scenarios' with secular growth expected to continue through economic weakness.

Calendar 2024 Q4

Any thoughts on kind of rolling that out? How much of a differentiator do you think that will be, what the initial performance has been like

Innovation & R&DProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Andrew expressed strong conviction in Starlink as a differentiator with monetization via Kinective Media and personalized experiences.

ODFLOld Dominion Freight Line7 questions · 7 reporting periods · 2 of 7 challenging
ODFL company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

I am wondering if you are seeing any shift away from brokers back to asset heavy as well as we go deeper into the cycle.

Competitive DynamicsDemandTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Said it is early for any broker-to-asset shift; 3PL revenue growth matched the company average and about a third of revenue sits with 3PLs.

Calendar 2026 Q1

I'm a little bit surprised that kind of you're not pointing to maybe doing better than the normal seasonality just given some of the positive trends

ChallengingMarginCost PressureTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Adam cited fringe benefit cost headwinds, fuel-driven variable cost inflation, and ancillary costs like credit card fees, but noted that if business levels pick up they could beat guidance as they did in Q1.

Calendar 2025 Q4

now that TL rates have been pretty tight for a couple of months, are you starting to see that come back? And what do you think is the cadence of that coming back to the cycle?

Competitive DynamicsDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Adam confirmed TL capacity rationalization is changing pricing dynamics. ODFL positioned with more capacity than ever, in network, equipment, and people. Ability to absorb significant volume growth early in cycle has been key to past market share gains.

Calendar 2025 Q3

do you have a sense that the kind of big step down from September to October is something transitory, maybe related to the government shutdown?

DemandCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

No direct government business but possible indirect effects. October tonnage down 5% sequentially vs 3% normal. Demand feels consistent, not materially worse. TL-to-LTL reversal expected when truckload tightens.

Calendar 2025 Q2

How can you guys tell if there is something bigger and more structural going on with the LTL space here rather than just a cycle?

ChallengingCompetitive DynamicsDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Adam argued TL carriers operate at breakeven or worse on LTL-type freight and will shed it when demand improves. Customer wins continuing at account level. Fleet capacity, network, and people all ready for volume inflection.

Calendar 2025 Q1

can you help us understand kind of how much of the CapEx got is just purely related to macro versus maybe idiosyncratic to ODFL

Capex InvestmentMacroeconomicTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Adam explained CapEx deferrals are timing shifts not cancellations. North of 30% excess capacity. Fleet and facilities can handle reacceleration through September.

Calendar 2024 Q4

Is there anything more you guys can do from a balance sheet deployment standpoint to maybe kind of do more of that in-house?

Cost PressureCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Adam said they've increased self-insured retention but see no change to market share potential. Confident industry remains capacity-constrained despite organic additions.

CSXCSX Corporation6 questions · 6 reporting periods · 1 of 6 challenging
CSX company page →

Calendar 2026 Q1

Can you just give us a little more color there on quantity and timing of those items?

Cost PressureMarginTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Kevin flagged engine overhauls, transaction costs, and higher fuel as Q2 headwinds but declined specific quantification. Explained 2027 planning as building continuous improvement muscle.

Calendar 2025 Q4

is that still the right template to think about earnings growth in the long term when macro is normal

Guidance ReliabilityRevenue GrowthTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Steve said nothing fundamentally changed in the business to prevent future long-term guidance. Pulling targets was caution about wanting execution proof first, not a signal of structural deterioration.

Calendar 2025 Q3

Did you say that you already seeing opportunities because of the merger

M&ACompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Kevin attributed opportunities to long-term strategic work rather than directly to merger developments. Said the industry is now in a position to think about growth after COVID recovery and workforce challenges.

Calendar 2025 Q2

was there anything in 2Q that surprised the upside kind of towards the end of the quarter

Revenue GrowthCost PressureTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Sean said other revenue benefited from improved cycle times reducing freight-in-transit reserves. Favorable PS&O items including casualty and real estate totaling ~$20M won't recur in Q3.

Calendar 2025 Q1

Can you just remind us of the updated coal contracts if there's a floor to pricing on the benchmark price

PricingRevenue GrowthTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Kevin confirmed coal contracts have embedded floors but each is unique; currently above floor levels. Sean said other revenue at $115M Q1 is a reasonable run rate going forward.

Calendar 2024 Q4

were your conversations with customers like on some of these bottlenecks? And are they understanding? Is there a risk of share shift

ChallengingCompetitive DynamicsDemandTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Kevin said customers are excited about network investments creating new market access. Joe reinforced with Q3/Q4 record NPS despite disruptions, citing proactive communication as key retention driver.

UPSUnited Parcel Service6 questions · 6 reporting periods · 2 of 6 challenging
UPS company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

can you confirm that whether you had any real estate gains in 2Q and either run rate for the rest of the year

Capital AllocationCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Dykes ruled out unusual real estate gains and pointed back to the prior-year sale-leasebacks as the only material transaction called out.

Calendar 2026 Q1

the reports that you and your peer have applied for tariff refunds through the portal

Trade TariffsRegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Carol detailed the tariff refund process: $5B+ remitted on 16M entries since tariffs began. Now applying for refunds on 2.5M entries (~$500M) for 2026. Pure pass-through with no P&L impact, refunds go directly back to customers.

Calendar 2025 Q4

how do you think we should think about that long-term earnings growth trajectory and where kind of normalized EPS is at this time kind of in your view?

Guidance ReliabilityMarginTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Carol deferred long-range targets until after 2026, acknowledging 2024 Investor Day targets are no longer applicable due to Amazon glide-down strategy not existing at that time. Promised updated long-range view after completing the pivotal 2026 transition year.

Calendar 2025 Q3

The union is saying that kind of you guys have committed to net job increases through the course of the contract. So how do you see that playing out

ChallengingLabor MarketCost PressureTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Carol confirmed contract compliance. Brian explained contract allows offering full-time positions to part-time employees, creating career pathing without changing net headcount. Part-to-full-time conversions benefit workers, union, and company.

Calendar 2025 Q2

you said that the Amazon glide down is proceeding for the most part as planned. Can you share some light on what is not going as planned?

ChallengingDemandLabor MarketCost PressureTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Carol detailed attrition timeline: single-digit first month, 25% by third month of closure. 84-85% of drivers at top pay scale with 25-40 years of service. Voluntary separation program receiving expected interest.

Calendar 2024 Q4

Can you quantify what percentage of the U.S. domestic volumes are Amazon because I think that's pretty important stat

DemandCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Brian disclosed Amazon is roughly 20% of U.S. domestic volume. Matt highlighted UPS Store's 5,200 locations and Happy Returns acquisition as competitive moats.

JBHTJ.B. Hunt4 questions · 4 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
JBHT company page →

Calendar 2025 Q4

How are your customers thinking about using JBT ICS to meet their incremental capacity

DemandCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Nick Hobbs said customers leaning in on both asset (JBT) and brokerage (ICS) sides. ICS will soon lap prior-year losses showing tremendous growth. Declined to comment on ICS contract renewal pricing but emphasized focus on operational excellence and getting as much pricing as market allows.

Calendar 2025 Q3

can you talk about kind of what you guys are working on right now? What that technology capital envelope looks like

Innovation & R&DCloud & AITranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Shelley detailed JB360 platform supporting $2B in carrier freight transactions. 60% of check calls automated, 73% orders auto-accepted, 80% paper invoices touchless, 100K+ hours automated annually. ICS has opportunity to automate further with less sophisticated mid/small customer base. Up Labs partnership investigating two areas for AI-integrated process rewrites.

Calendar 2025 Q2

Intermodal and dedicated, EBIT have kind of converged a little bit and probably are the closest they've been maybe ever right now

MarginCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Brad Delco attributed convergence to cyclical dynamics with intermodal further from margin targets. Darren and Brad Hicks engaged in lighthearted internal competition about which segment will reach targets first.

Calendar 2025 Q1

have you seen any change there that's worth calling out in particular

Competitive DynamicsPricingTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Brad Hicks said DCS competitive landscape hasn't materially changed. Darren clarified margin repair likely takes more than one pricing cycle given excess capacity that needs to be filled.

Show 4 more companies
LUVSouthwest Airlines4 questions · 4 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
LUV company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

can you just talk about how share may have shifted particularly in corporate

Competitive DynamicsDemandTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Justin ties corporate share gains to network changes; Tom confirms the hundreds of millions in incremental savings are already in the full-year guide.

Calendar 2026 Q1

if you looked at your earnings for the year, ex fuel on both cost and revenue. So let's say, you were to use Feb 28 assumptions

MarginGuidance ReliabilityTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Bob confirmed everything is on track or slightly better ex fuel, the only change to the full-year outlook is fuel. Full run rate on initiatives expected in Q3 with continued optimization opportunities beyond. Emphasized the $4 guide was not pulled despite media reports suggesting otherwise.

Calendar 2025 Q4

I think you said that it's going better than expected. A, can you confirm that? And b, can you -- do you guys know if both the incoming revenues and the book away are higher than expected

Product LaunchDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Andrew confirmed all seat products going better than expected. Book-away from competitors with poor reliability is a consistent tailwind. Ancillary buy-up increases on fuller flights as passengers at the gate have higher propensity to upgrade seats.

Calendar 2025 Q1

I believe you recently broadly polled your customer base on your recent initiatives. Can you share kind of what feedback you got from that poll

DemandProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Andrew explained that customer surveys showed sentiment improving as customers understood they would keep existing benefits and gain more. Engaged customers are satisfied and waiting for next-level benefits. Exceeded expectations on best-customer migration.

FDXFedEx2 questions · 2 reporting periods · 1 of 2 challenging
FDX company page →

Calendar 2025 Q3

kind of what has been the customer reaction to the expiry of the rule? And do you think that is a new normal going forward

Trade TariffsDemandTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Carere noted de minimis expiry has been particularly tough on small exporters. No indication of pull-forward in domestic parcel or airfreight. July was strong but attributed to pipeline onboarding and retailer promotions, not pull-forward.

Calendar 2025 Q1

what percentage of your revenues comes from customers who typically use de minimis rule for shipping their products

ChallengingTrade TariffsGeographic ExpansionTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
Show response

Dietrich provided only directional color (majority B2B, minority de minimis) without quantifying the percentage. Declined to directly address Europe profitability, citing only DRIVE savings progress.

NSCNorfolk Southern Railway2 questions · 2 reporting periods · 0 of 2 challenging
NSC company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

I was just wondering if in the results, you guys saw any pull forward of import volumes

Trade TariffsDemandTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Ed Elkins acknowledged some first-half pull-forward but said it was too early to judge new tariff-driven activity.

Calendar 2024 Q4

do you expect to see tariff tailwinds before that, kind of what are you hearing on potentially shippers restocking

Trade TariffsDemandTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

CEO argued tariffs likely net neutral for rail volume as domestic production replaces imports. Over three quarters of business is domestic. Network nimbleness can adapt to supply chain shifts.

UNPUnion Pacific Corporation2 questions · 2 reporting periods · 0 of 2 challenging
UNP company page →

Calendar 2025 Q4

I was just wondering if you were able to quantify at all what you think the impact on the quarter could be from the recent weather

Cost PressureSupply ChainTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Jennifer described modest cleanup costs and propane expenses from the storm but noted no prolonged customer shutdowns unlike a prior Houston weather event, expecting lost carloadings to be made up with two months remaining in Q1.

Calendar 2025 Q2

To what extent have you been effectively asked by your shipper customers to see if you can put together something like a transcon railroad

Show response

Jim confirmed customers consistently ask for better service, market access, and competitive pricing, implying customer demand supports the strategic direction.

Challenge rate by company

Every company this analyst questioned, most questions first. A company-level rate is shown from 3 questions; below that it is withheld.

CompanyQuestionsChallenge rate
DAL Delta Air Lines1118%2 of 11 questions
UAL United Airlines Holdings80%none of 8 questions
ODFL Old Dominion Freight Line729%2 of 7 questions
CSX CSX Corporation617%1 of 6 questions
UPS United Parcel Service633%2 of 6 questions
JBHT J.B. Hunt40%none of 4 questions
LUV Southwest Airlines40%none of 4 questions
FDX FedEx2—Rate withheld: fewer than 3 questions
NSC Norfolk Southern Railway2—Rate withheld: fewer than 3 questions
UNP Union Pacific Corporation2—Rate withheld: fewer than 3 questions
  • DAL
    Delta Air Lines · 11 questions
    18%2 of 11 questions
  • UAL
    United Airlines Holdings · 8 questions
    0%none of 8 questions
  • ODFL
    Old Dominion Freight Line · 7 questions
    29%2 of 7 questions
  • CSX
    CSX Corporation · 6 questions
    17%1 of 6 questions
  • UPS
    United Parcel Service · 6 questions
    33%2 of 6 questions
  • JBHT
    J.B. Hunt · 4 questions
    0%none of 4 questions
  • LUV
    Southwest Airlines · 4 questions
    0%none of 4 questions
  • FDX
    FedEx · 2 questions
    —rate withheld: under 3 questions
  • NSC
    Norfolk Southern Railway · 2 questions
    —rate withheld: under 3 questions
  • UNP
    Union Pacific Corporation · 2 questions
    —rate withheld: under 3 questions

Activity by reporting period

Questions recorded for each calendar quarter that companies’ reporting periods map to (not the call date), with the challenge rate for that period. Periods inside the range with no questions are shown as “No questions recorded”.

Questions by calendar reporting period
Calendar periodQuestionsChallenge rateCompanies
2024 Q4729%2 of 7 questions6
2025 Q1813%1 of 8 questions7
2025 Q2729%2 of 7 questions6
2025 Q3813%1 of 8 questions7
2025 Q41010%1 of 10 questions8
2026 Q1617%1 of 6 questions5
2026 Q260%none of 6 questions6
  1. 2024 Q47 questions · challenge rate 29% (2 of 7 questions) · 6 companies
  2. 2025 Q18 questions · challenge rate 13% (1 of 8 questions) · 7 companies
  3. 2025 Q27 questions · challenge rate 29% (2 of 7 questions) · 6 companies
  4. 2025 Q38 questions · challenge rate 13% (1 of 8 questions) · 7 companies
  5. 2025 Q410 questions · challenge rate 10% (1 of 10 questions) · 8 companies
  6. 2026 Q16 questions · challenge rate 17% (1 of 6 questions) · 5 companies
  7. 2026 Q26 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 6 questions) · 6 companies

Topics

Topics tagged on this analyst’s questions.

  • Demand23
  • Competitive Dynamics18
  • Cost Pressure7
  • Macroeconomic7
  • Geographic Expansion6
  • Revenue Growth5
  • Trade Tariffs5
  • Pricing5
  • Margin5
  • Guidance Reliability5
Show all 20 topics
  • Product Launch3
  • Supply Chain2
  • Regulation Policy2
  • Capex Investment2
  • M&A2
  • Innovation & R&D2
  • Labor Market2
  • Subscriber Growth2
  • Capital Allocation1
  • Cloud & AI1