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Analyst

Ron Epstein

Bank of America · covers Industrials, Technology

Period: Reporting periods mapped to calendar 2024 Q3 – 2026 Q2 (8 quarters).

Questions
95on tracked calls
Challenge rate
11%10 of 95 questions
Companies
15questioned at least once
Reporting periods
8with questions

These figures cover the whole profile: every tracked question, all reporting periods.

How to read these numbers

Challenge rate is the share of questions that pushed back, pressed for specifics or questioned management’s assumptions. It describes how questions were asked on the calls tracked here; it does not measure whether any view turned out to be right.

Rounding. Rates are rounded to whole percentages, so a small share can show as 0% even when some questions were challenging. The count beside each rate is exact; “none of N questions” means no question was challenging.

No questions recorded. “—” means there is nothing to calculate: no questions were recorded for that period on the calls tracked here. It does not mean there was no activity.

Fewer than 3 questions. A company-level rate is withheld when fewer than 3 questions were recorded for that company; the questions are still counted everywhere else.

Small samples. Profiles with fewer than 10 questions are marked Limited sample.

Reporting periods. Questions are grouped by the calendar quarter each company’s fiscal reporting period maps to, not by the date of the call. Periods without a calendar mapping are listed separately under their fiscal label.

Questions asked

Grouped by company, most questions first. Open a company to read its questions, newest reporting period first.

Showing 95 of 95 questions from 15 companies

TXTTextron12 questions · 6 reporting periods · 2 of 12 challenging
TXT company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

what's different or what's changed that makes you feel like you can get more out of that business?

ChallengingLabor MarketMarginTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
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CEO named workforce turnover and product-line complexity as the root causes, extending the same issue to the supply base.

But how much you guys do in unmanned systems? Seems pretty limited given the toolkit that you have.

ChallengingInnovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
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CEO conceded the gap and signalled strategic intent at the high end but offered no program, timeline or investment commitment.

Calendar 2026 Q1

the industrial business over the years, we heard that there'd be too much tax leakage to spin it or do whatever -- how should we think about that the tax impact

Capital AllocationM&ATranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Rosenberg said cash repatriation and transaction tax leakage would be manageable in any structure. Spin scenario would be tax-free. Transaction expenses factored into analysis. Stranded costs from separation are very minimal.

how are you factoring AI and AI-driven autonomy into systems? And when I look at something like X-76, it seems like a platform that could generate a lot of interest

Innovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Atherton emphasized cross-business engineering collaboration as a key advantage. X-76 is proving stop-fold technology as unmanned platform, MOSA architecture will naturally follow into it. Pure-play A&D structure enables better coordination of capabilities across Aviation, Bell, and Systems.

culturally, how do you achieve this, right, because you have no organization, I guess, in some parts that's used to being more independent

Competitive DynamicsCapital AllocationTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
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Atherton said they are driving collaboration through simple mechanisms like sharing strategic business reviews across divisions. Team is excited about the pure-play structure enabling better cross-pollination of ideas and capabilities.

Calendar 2025 Q4

On the MV-75, how are you all thinking about the logistics and support for the aircraft? Because once aircraft are on the field, logistics and support can be pretty profitable

Revenue GrowthCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Atherton said they expect PBL-type approach. Army wants some organic capability so they will help stand up that. Spares and support to be stationed near aircraft centers, likely Fort Campbell initially. Army supports aircraft where the Army is, requiring more dispersed support than Marines.

Things have changed. You know? And given that you've got this awesome toolkit of a lot of commercial parts

Innovation & R&DRegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Atherton agreed Scorpion was ahead of its time. The DoD's 'arsenal of freedom' framework echoes what Scorpion attempted, commercial mentality, off-the-shelf parts, affordable platforms. Already doing this with military variants of Bell commercial helicopters. Textron well-positioned if new opportunities emerge.

Calendar 2025 Q3

How is the unmanned portfolio doing when you look across the -- you've got unmanned land system stuff and Shadow and Aerosonde and some other stuff

Innovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Donnelly said Aerosonde redeployed post-Afghanistan to marine and other theaters. FTUAS technology being sold directly to brigades and international customers. Nuuva V300 unmanned cargo and high-altitude long-duration surveillance products being brought to market through Systems.

Calendar 2025 Q1

Is there much out there? I mean, you guys are looking at stuff. Defense tech seems to be a space where there's a lot of interest

M&ACapital AllocationTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Donnelly said they evaluate continuously but recent multiples have been too high for accretive deals. Prioritizes A&D bolt-ons at reasonable prices.

is there opportunity to take some of the technology you guys are developing in there and, like, moving it over to some of your other aircraft

Innovation & R&DProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Donnelly said third parties are electrifying Caravans with Textron support. If sufficient demand materializes, they could incorporate STC into production.

Calendar 2024 Q4

have you heard any discussion around some form of accelerated depreciation coming back or something like that historically has been a nice catalyst

Regulation PolicyDemandTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
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Donnelly said positive tax and regulatory environment supports SMB customers' CapEx spending appetite, beneficial for private aviation demand.

Do you see any opportunities for you guys with maybe like a Scorpion 2.0 parenthetically, something like that with maybe the changing environment

Regulation PolicyCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
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Donnelly was optimistic about acquisition reform acceleration but didn't commit to specific Scorpion-type opportunities.

GDGeneral Dynamics11 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 11 challenging
GD company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

How are you thinking about the budget process now as we go into fiscal '27?

Regulation PolicyMacroeconomicTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
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Phebe emphasized base-budget funding for most programs and framed reconciliation as necessary to gear up industry-wide production.

So on Marine, just following up on Marine, where are we on build rate on Virginia-class now, right?

Revenue GrowthSupply ChainTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
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Danny withheld the exact rate but reaffirmed the two-plus-one target and said they are where they expect to be.

So you're making strides with the supply chain. It's my understanding that, that was one of the hurdles.

Show response

Danny confirmed broad improvement while flagging single-source suppliers as the remaining constraint.

Calendar 2026 Q1

There's been discussion about this from class battleship. When would you expect some more details on that, a possible down select

Product LaunchDemandTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
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Danny acknowledged GD is part of the battleship design process but said it's too early to define specific timelines. Limited detail provided.

We've seen, I guess, the DOW putting pressure on some contractors to make investments for, how do I say, the promise of future volume

Capex InvestmentRegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
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Danny reframed the question, GD has been proactively investing in artillery, solid rocket motors, and energetics driven by demand and threat environment, not administration pressure.

Calendar 2025 Q4

Battleships. How do you think about battleships? Battleships, Golden Dawn. I mean, that's a lot of stuff going on. How do you think about that with your ship business

Product LaunchDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Confirmed Bath Iron Works participation in battleship design with industry partners, but noted very early stage with competition strategy unknown

you guys have brought to market sort of a refreshed fleet of kit. Right? So a bunch of new airplanes. That's driving demand. Because you got the newest stuff out there

Product LaunchMarginTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Novakovic validated Epstein's strategic thesis: new products drive demand, learning curve drives margins, supply chain improving, years of targeted R&D and capital investment coming to fruition with no comparable competitor product family

Calendar 2025 Q3

from your point of view, I mean, what are the levers you're pulling today to try to really get the efficiency out of the shipyards up?

MarginSupply ChainTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Deep highlighted supply chain stabilization as primary driver, cited 40% increase in sequence-critical material and 75% across all supply, plus investments in robotics and automation

How are you thinking about product development now? Because my understanding is Gulfstream has always had sort of a steady investment

Innovation & R&DProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Cited long-term fleet replacement strategy now complete with G300 announcement, confirmed ongoing upgrades but declined specifics on next programs

Calendar 2024 Q4

Is there any impact on the CERT and delivery of G800? And do you get any compensation from the suppliers on the delay

Product LaunchSupply ChainTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
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Novakovic addressed G800 timeline directly (H1 certification expected), noted G700 learnings apply due to part commonality, acknowledged modest supplier consideration

How do you guys think about running your business in an environment where it's kind of this volatile?

Show response

Counseled against reacting to rumors, emphasized agility and responding to implemented reality rather than speculation

NOCNorthrop Grumman11 questions · 6 reporting periods · 2 of 11 challenging
NOC company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

the updated full year guidance driven entirely by a combination of lower taxes in the quarter

Guidance ReliabilityMarginTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
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John acknowledged the quarterly tax benefit but attributed the higher full-year EPS to sales execution and second-half margins without quantifying the split.

What exactly is driving the higher expected development costs on that program

Cost PressureMarginTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
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Kathy tied the SAW cost growth to testing delays on the related ARGEM ER program flowing through to design and qualification schedule.

Calendar 2025 Q4

how are how are you broadly thinking about the how a company would breadth and depth and legacy of Northrop Grumman and how that jives with this push towards, you know, the the nontraditional

Competitive DynamicsInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Warden said strategy for technology leadership unchanged but directing talent toward speed and affordability. Already invested in capacity: doubled SRM production, scaling satellites from tens to hundreds per year, and looking to accelerate B-21.

Calendar 2025 Q3

how is it going with a potential increase in the build rate on that aircraft and so on and so forth? Because if that were to play out, it is material

Product LaunchDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Warden said active discussions ongoing with reconciliation dollars available. Government shutdown holding up discussions but expects clarity in coming months.

your prepared remarks, talked about some program award delays. What's driving that? The administration has been pushing hard for speed on acquisitions

DemandRegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Warden attributed delays to normal administration transition and government shutdown limiting decision-making capacity. Expects improvement once shutdown resolves.

Calendar 2025 Q2

Any details you could share with international backlog growth or how we should think about that? How do you expect the growth to continue as NATO

Geographic ExpansionDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
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Warden described generational European defense shift, broad-based growth across weapons, IBCS, E-2, Triton, and sensors across three of four segments.

you guys took a positive VAC on Sentinel, and I think that surprised everybody. I can't speak for everybody, obviously, but it surprised us

ChallengingProduct LaunchMarginTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
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Warden cited restructure agreement, command and launch restart, joint acceleration discussions, and improved confidence in meeting milestones and incentives.

Calendar 2025 Q1

what changed from a quarter ago to now to make you feel like you had to do this now? And I guess that gets at how confident can we be that this is it

ChallengingProduct LaunchCost PressureTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Warden explained the process change is a defined, non-repeating investment. Acknowledged $2B cumulative charges mostly from inflationary factors but said risks and opportunities remain.

How confident should we feel about the profitability on that given the potential changes to that program?

Product LaunchGuidance ReliabilityTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Warden noted growing design confidence, working with Air Force on cost/schedule efficiencies. Reminded analysts Sentinel is cost-plus with LRIP not yet contracted.

Calendar 2024 Q4

there's been a lot of talk lately about an Iron Dome. Given the kind of work that you guys do both in space and in missile protection

DemandProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
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Warden directly outlined satellite-based detection, hypersonic interceptors, and command and control capabilities relevant to homeland defense.

When we think about growth in 2025, how much of a contributor is B-21 and GBSD?

Revenue GrowthProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
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Warden confirmed both contribute but at slower rates than historical, each less than 10% of sales and gradually increasing.

HIIHuntington Ingalls Industries9 questions · 5 reporting periods · 1 of 9 challenging
HII company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

What's really worked to retaining them besides just pay? Are there things that you've changed in terms of work conditions

Labor MarketInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
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Blanchette cited over a million square feet of covered work area, busing, employee engagement and the CBA as retention levers, with immediate attrition benefits from the agreement.

Calendar 2026 Q1

Any production contracts visible that you could discuss or hint at for 2025?

DemandProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
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MUSV program is the near-term opportunity for Romulus. UK armor concepts also interesting. HII has breadth of product set to compete across unmanned opportunities.

How is the South Carolina facility ramp progressing? And can you discuss at all the MOA with Hyundai, how is that evolving?

Supply ChainCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
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Outsourcing on track for 30% increase. Charleston tracking to plan, doubling throughput and moving into outfitting. Hyundai not yet in the network for 2026 but potential upside if they can jointly invest in manufacturing capacity. Also evaluating shipbuilding efficiency best practices.

Calendar 2025 Q3

the Trump administration suggested that Hanwha is going to be making nuclear submarines into the Philadelphia Navy Yard. How does that changed things or not?

ChallengingCompetitive DynamicsDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Kastner declined to comment directly on the new Hanwha announcement, saying it's very new information. Emphasized HII will build whatever the Navy asks and won't get distracted.

Can you give us more color on your partnering strategy on unmanned vessels? You announced recently a partnership with Shield AI and the progress you're having on your own internal autonomy systems ...

Product LaunchInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Kastner highlighted Odyssey autonomy software's open architecture enabling seamless partner integration. Over 750 uncrewed vehicles delivered. ROMULUS surface vessel line being built. Shield AI and C3 AI partnerships add capability.

Calendar 2025 Q2

What impact, if any, are you guys expecting on the business from the changes in R&D in the tax code

Capital AllocationTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
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R&D expensing change drives roughly $150M FCF benefit through period expensing plus retroactive catch-up from 2022-2024. Some offset from state tax headwinds.

how large is that product line today? And if you could frame maybe the kind of growth you could see there

Revenue GrowthProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
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Uncrewed underwater business is small but expected to grow at outsized rates. Potential for 200+ vehicles on Navy contract, with upcoming surface and undersea competitions funded by reconciliation bill.

Calendar 2025 Q1

what has to happen in the shipyards to really update the manufacturing process, right? I mean when you look at how the Koreans, do it

Innovation & R&DCapex InvestmentTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Kastner distinguished commercial vs defense shipbuilding complexity. Improvements focus on streamlining manufacturing processes and eliminating roadblocks rather than heavy automation. AI pilots underway for scheduling and quality.

what are you seeing in terms of demand for your unmanned product for the autonomous stuff

DemandProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Demand improving for underwater uncrewed systems both domestically and internationally, with potential for significant production ramp this year on Lionfish and derivatives.

TDGTransDigm Group8 questions · 4 reporting periods · 1 of 8 challenging
TDG company page →

Calendar 2025 Q3

there is a case out there that somehow that TransDigm just won't grow their aftermarket business like maybe some peers will

ChallengingDemandCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Mike dismissed the bear case, saying the proof is in the results. TransDigm will put its heads down, go to work, and drive prudent long-term value for shareholders.

Was your experience, you know, bidding for the work on it any different than it was on any previous programs?

Competitive DynamicsRegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Joel confirmed F-47 bidding was similar to past programs with no big changes. No evidence of reduced defense contract opportunities.

Calendar 2025 Q2

Depending how long the St. Louis strike is, how much exposure do you have there?

Supply ChainDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Mike acknowledged St. Louis strike as a headwind but much smaller than the Seattle commercial OEM strike given defense OEM exposure and market-weighted splits.

how about your own supply chain? What are you seeing there? Is that flowing better? Are there any bottlenecks there?

Show response

Mike said supply chain continues improving but not back to 2018-2019 levels. Much better than 12-24 months ago. Castings and certain electronic components remain pain points.

Calendar 2025 Q1

what are you guys seeing in kind of the pulse on freight and cargo? We've heard the ship-borne cargo is way down

DemandTrade TariffsTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
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Kevin said freight aftermarket exceeded the 13% overall commercial aftermarket growth rate in Q2. CTKs up low single digits through calendar Q1 despite macro concerns.

Have you guys been kind of more interested in looking into that as a net market for you all, where I know a lot of what you do

M&AInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
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Kevin said M&A evaluation approach unchanged. If software-hardware companies tick the boxes and offer path to 20% IRR, TDG will pursue.

Calendar 2024 Q3

Boeing has suggested that they're going to sell some stuff. Is there anything in that pile of stuff that might be attractive

Show response

Kevin acknowledged awareness of potentially attractive larger Boeing assets but declined to comment further given early stage.

with the new administration and maybe some changes, do you expect the M&A environment to change?

M&ARegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
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Kevin said he doesn't expect the new administration to worsen M&A conditions, pointing to a record year of transactions and continued discipline.

BAThe Boeing Company7 questions · 6 reporting periods · 2 of 7 challenging
BA company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

I'm still kind of surprised that profitability isn't better for the aircraft OEMs at large, including Boeing.

MarginInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
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CEO conceded existing-program economics are fixed by supply chain architecture and pointed to the next airplane as the opportunity to change value capture.

And -- can I follow up? Does that require more vertical integration? Or I mean, how do you think about it, right?

Supply ChainCapital AllocationTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
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CEO answered directly, describing commodity-dependent business models rather than wholesale vertical integration.

Calendar 2026 Q1

I was wondering if we could maybe dig down deeper on the defense portfolio, both in terms of new product sales and in the services business

Revenue GrowthDemandTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
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Ortberg gave specific budget line items totaling $14B+ in defense allocations. Emphasized new funding is for additional production of existing systems (low risk). Malave added tanker deliveries increasing from 14 to 19 this year.

Calendar 2025 Q4

it's just not a very profitable industry. It seems like everybody else is making money on planes

ChallengingMarginCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Ortberg acknowledged the OE profitability challenge. Cited risk management, concurrency, pricing, and value chain participation as areas for improvement. New airplane gives opportunity to restructure approach.

Calendar 2025 Q3

what changed from like just 2, 3 months ago to reevaluate what's going on with the program

ChallengingInnovation & R&DRegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Ortberg explained no new technical issues; problem is solely certification process. TIA approval process took longer than anticipated for both Boeing and FAA. First airplane through incremental TIA approach.

Calendar 2025 Q2

if you could dig down a little bit more on the engine anti-icing issue with the Dash 7 and Dash 10. What's going on there

Innovation & R&DRegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
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Ortberg explained design solutions haven't yielded results in expected timeframe. Testing found airflow perturbation issues requiring additional design changes.

Calendar 2024 Q4

could you talk about how you're thinking about Boeing's portfolio? I mean, there's been a fair amount of press

Capital AllocationCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
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Ortberg framed portfolio actions as pruning, not a major restructuring, with decisions expected over coming months. Declined to discuss individual portfolio items.

Show 9 more companies
GEGE Aerospace6 questions · 6 reporting periods · 0 of 6 challenging
GE company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

whether you're seeing any change in customer buying patterns as you roll out these durability improvements on the LEAP

Show response

Culp tied spare engine demand to installed-base aging; Ghai added CFM56 work scopes remain stable.

Calendar 2025 Q4

mentioned spending $3 billion a year on R&D, a big number. Can you elaborate on spending, investments being made

Innovation & R&DCapex InvestmentTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Larry described R&D split across current platforms (LEAP durability kit, 9X EIS prep), future flight (RISE technology development), and defense next-gen programs. Protecting and expanding R&D envelope through 2026-2028 is key priority.

Calendar 2025 Q3

what lessons have you all learned in commercial, given the size of the fleet and all the experience you have in -- with commercial engines

Innovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Larry highlighted FLIGHT DECK and shared supply base driving defense output up 83%. Investment concentrated on next-gen platforms including NGAP sixth-gen propulsion and T901 for Apache/Black Hawk upgrades. Opportunities to rethink sustainment models with Pentagon.

Calendar 2025 Q2

what makes you all feel so good about RISE today? And if it doesn't end up being an unducted fan, is there a ducted option

Innovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
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Larry cited 350+ program tests covering propulsive efficiency and durability, leveraging predecessor platform experience. Highlighted joint work with Airbus and industry consensus on next-gen narrow-body propulsion needs. Confirmed all-in on open fan.

Calendar 2025 Q1

How are you all thinking about rare earths and some of the rare metals that you need either directly in what you do

Supply ChainTrade TariffsTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Larry said alternate sources and inventory positions cover near-term rare earth needs; not high on the worry list currently.

Calendar 2024 Q4

777X is back in-flight test. Are there other opportunities for that engine beyond the 777X?

Product LaunchCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
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Larry focused on 777X progress and testing milestones rather than directly addressing other platform opportunities for the GE9X.

RTXRTX Corporation6 questions · 6 reporting periods · 0 of 6 challenging
RTX company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

So how are you thinking about deploying capital? And How are you looking at the portfolio?

Capital AllocationM&ATranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
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Calio reiterated priorities: invest in the business, dividend, debt reduction; disciplined M&A with nothing the portfolio needs.

Calendar 2025 Q4

how are you thinking about you know, we got this executive order about how defense companies deploy capital you know, RTX was highlighted in, you know, a social media post by the administration.

Capital AllocationRegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Calio acknowledged urgency, confirmed full alignment with DoW transformation mandate. Committed to dividend while accommodating investment needs. CapEx increasing to $3.1B in 2026. Active engagement with department on capacity.

Calendar 2025 Q3

It seems like the incremental margins might have been a little bit weaker than what we were thinking. Is that tariff related?

MarginTrade TariffsTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Mitchill confirmed $90M tariff headwind at each of Collins and Pratt in Q3 as the primary margin drag. Mitigations ongoing including USMCA qualification and pricing.

Calendar 2025 Q2

what you're seeing in OE production rates. It does seem we're starting to see some stability and lift in the Boeing narrow-body rates and wide-body rates.

DemandSupply ChainTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
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Mitchill noted Collins OE compares ease in H2, with 787 mix headwind. Calio confirmed Boeing rate stability and Airbus ramp, with material allocation between MRO and production critical.

Calendar 2025 Q1

Do you have any idea on NGAP, when that could be? Because I would imagine it's going to be one of the XA engines from either you guys or your competitor.

Innovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Calio noted $550M NGAP award in Q1 with positive testing results but limited specifics on timing. Highlighted Pratt's track record in fighter propulsion.

Calendar 2024 Q4

Yesterday, the Air Force bumped up their contract for NGAP to about $3.5 billion, a big number. Where do you guys stand on the program?

Innovation & R&DCapex InvestmentTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
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Calio confirmed NGAP development progress and competitive positioning. Mitchill noted this plus F135 ECU drives mid-single-digit military growth at Pratt.

LHXL3Harris5 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 5 challenging
LHX company page →

Calendar 2026 Q1

could we go a little deeper on what's going on in the Space business? I mean there was so much growth there.

Revenue GrowthInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
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CEO acknowledged classified nature limits detail but disclosed $600M sole-source win with large follow-on potential. Discussed HBTSS, Tranche 1 satellite launches later this year.

Calendar 2025 Q3

How do you manage that, that when you're working with them, A, your organization can maybe benefit from their nimbleness

Competitive DynamicsInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2025 Q3 →
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Kubasik described cultural shift toward entrepreneurship, citing 40+ venture investments, rapid 24-48 hour turnaround, and being the partner of choice for new entrants.

Calendar 2025 Q2

Given the increased defense spending in Europe, what impact do you think that will have for you guys?

Geographic ExpansionDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
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Kubasik outlined growth in European SDR wins, missionized business jets globally, and Mid-East missile production subcontracting. Partnership model working well.

Calendar 2025 Q1

Could you speak a little bit more about Golden Dome? You've mentioned that you're making some investment there already

Capex InvestmentDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Kubasik clarified investments are in satellite factories needed regardless of Golden Dome. HBTSS is the only proven hypersonic tracking satellite in orbit.

Calendar 2024 Q4

with the new administration, maybe things change, and Boeing has got some assets for sale. Is there anything out there that you're thinking about

M&ACapital AllocationTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
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Kubasik emphasized partnership model over M&A, noting 40+ venture-backed investments and Palantir collaboration, with bolt-on as next potential step.

GRMNGarmin4 questions · 2 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
GRMN company page →

Calendar 2025 Q4

you guys are almost exclusively commercial. Is that opening any doors for you to do other things that maybe weren't -- I don't know, in the plan just a year ago

Revenue GrowthCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Cliff views the shift toward commercial procurement in defense as a long-term opportunity. Momentum building but program selection still takes time. Military could benefit from Garmin's commercial products that are already available.

can you talk a little bit to the recent acquisition facility you guys bought in Meta and what your goal is for that

Capex InvestmentInnovation & R&DTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
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Cliff said the facility provides significant hangar space for large aircraft and capacity to build certification and aircraft modification staff. Expected to help reach new opportunities and more aircraft types with more equipment over the long term.

Calendar 2025 Q1

How are you thinking about just getting shipments of product? I mean my understanding there's freight that's waiting outside of ports

Supply ChainTrade TariffsTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Cliff said business as usual with normal manufacturing and shipping cadence. Combination of air and sea freight. No disruptions observed.

on the Aviation side, do you expect any impact there on tariffs

Show response

Cliff confirmed some tariff impact from foreign-sourced materials but limited. Most aviation manufacturing in U.S. factories in Oregon and Kansas.

HWMHowmet Aerospace4 questions · 3 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
HWM company page →

Calendar 2026 Q1

How should we think about -- how IGT is going to go for you all over time

Cloud & AICapex InvestmentCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
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Plant detailed hyperscaler demand assessment, multi-year growth visibility, capital deployment philosophy. Noted $500M CapEx this year, 2027 going higher. Emphasized disciplined approach to avoid overcapacitization.

Calendar 2025 Q1

How are you thinking about that, John? And you guys were, I think, really the first to come out with the force majeure concept on tariffs.

Trade TariffsPricingTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Plant gave comprehensive tariff walk: $80M gross, <$15M net after mitigation/pass-through. Two BUs primarily affected (Europe/China imports). 90%+ of one BU's revenue already covered.

How exposed to rare earth and maybe rare minerals? I mean is that a question mark for you guys?

Supply ChainTrade TariffsTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
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Plant identified three rare earths of concern: yttrium, gadolinium, erbium. Supplier has ~10 years of inventory for two of three. Short-term concern on one but workarounds available.

Calendar 2024 Q4

Can you speak a little more to the opportunity in industrial gas turbines? Because it does seem like over the past several quarters, you've gotten, I'd say, more build up on it.

Cloud & AIDemandCapex InvestmentTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Plant gave extensive commentary on data center electricity demand driving IGT growth. Noted Howmet's 50%+ global share in turbine blades and multi-year capacity buildout plans.

LMTLockheed Martin4 questions · 3 reporting periods · 1 of 4 challenging
LMT company page →

Calendar 2026 Q1

broadly thinking about your AI strategy and what you're doing there

Cloud & AIInnovation & R&DCompetitive DynamicsTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Taiclet described two dimensions: internal business process AI and product-embedded AI for target recognition and battle management. Centralized AI center uses external models on cyber-secure internal infrastructure with proprietary data sets.

Calendar 2025 Q2

Why did it take a billion dollars of charges to change the way you're reviewing this thing?

ChallengingCost PressureCapital AllocationTranscript · FY2025 Q2 →
Show response

Evan quantified: $500M cash usage in 2025 on Aero classified, ~$400M in 2026, stepping down thereafter with line of sight to when it turns positive. Jim cited new development anomalies discovered in 2025.

Calendar 2024 Q4

How do you think about, about that and mixing that up with them being an important customer and what message that might send other customers?

Regulation PolicyGeographic ExpansionTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Jim declined to comment on policy matters, simply noting F-35 international demand continues to build.

isn't that NGI, the contract that you guys already won? Or am I thinking about that wrong? Because isn't that what NGI is?

DemandProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Jim explained Iron Dome for America is broader than just NGI, encompasses ICBM defense, counter-hypersonic, cruise missile defense (including lasers), and counter-UAS capabilities.

RKLBRocket Lab USA, Inc.4 questions · 4 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
RKLB company page →

Calendar 2026 Q1

how are you thinking about opportunities in proliferated GEO and maybe other higher orbits

DemandProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2026 Q1 →
Show response

Beck said proliferated GEO is a market Rocket Lab could easily enter given its radiation-hard heritage from LEO and deep-space missions.

Calendar 2025 Q4

I was a little more interested maybe broadly in the environment in Europe and more generally

Geographic ExpansionDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Beck said Europe is a major expansion beachhead where nations want sovereign capability but lack the time, favoring Rocket Lab solutions.

Calendar 2025 Q2

when we think about the first launch of Neutron, for you, I mean, just to kind of level set, what a successful launch be?

Show response

Beck defined success as reaching orbit and readiness to scale, with tolerance for learning on first-flight reentry and soft landing.

Calendar 2025 Q1

how you're thinking about potentially transitioning to Lane 2 awards in the future, the more demanding launches?

Product LaunchRegulation PolicyTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Beck said NSSL Lane 2's high cost of admission (dual pads, 30-plus ton lift) makes Neutron unlikely to graduate up absent rule changes.

LUNRIntuitive Machines, Inc.3 questions · 3 reporting periods · 1 of 3 challenging
LUNR company page →

Calendar 2025 Q4

how you see the competitive landscape evolving given the reformulation of Artemis

ChallengingCompetitive DynamicsDemandTranscript · FY2025 Q4 →
Show response

Asked by Smith Styro on for Ron Epstein; Altemus argued higher mission cadence expands the opportunity, with the CLPS 1.0 vendor pool persisting into CLPS 2.0.

Calendar 2025 Q1

How do things work for you all if we end up in a continuing resolution for fiscal 2026?

Regulation PolicyMacroeconomicTranscript · FY2025 Q1 →
Show response

Steve said the company is fairly unaffected by a continuing resolution since it has no new program starts, only existing NASA contracts.

Calendar 2024 Q4

what's your thinking on the impact that the Department of Government Efficiency could have on NASA

Regulation PolicyMacroeconomicTranscript · FY2024 Q4 →
Show response

Steve framed DOGE-driven NASA efficiency as a positive, arguing recaptured funds would flow to commercial space providers like Intuitive Machines.

SPCXSpace Exploration Technologies Corp.1 question · 1 reporting period · 0 of 1 challenging
SPCX company page →

Calendar 2026 Q2

Could you walk through what you learned on Starship launch 13, what was better than expected?

Innovation & R&DProduct LaunchTranscript · FY2026 Q2 →
Show response

Elon said Flight 13 went very well with a robust heat shield; a tower catch of the ship is planned for the next flight, targeting at least one flight a day within a year.

Challenge rate by company

Every company this analyst questioned, most questions first. A company-level rate is shown from 3 questions; below that it is withheld.

CompanyQuestionsChallenge rate
TXT Textron1217%2 of 12 questions
GD General Dynamics110%none of 11 questions
NOC Northrop Grumman1118%2 of 11 questions
HII Huntington Ingalls Industries911%1 of 9 questions
TDG TransDigm Group813%1 of 8 questions
BA The Boeing Company729%2 of 7 questions
GE GE Aerospace60%none of 6 questions
RTX RTX Corporation60%none of 6 questions
LHX L3Harris50%none of 5 questions
GRMN Garmin40%none of 4 questions
  • TXT
    Textron · 12 questions
    17%2 of 12 questions
  • GD
    General Dynamics · 11 questions
    0%none of 11 questions
  • NOC
    Northrop Grumman · 11 questions
    18%2 of 11 questions
  • HII
    Huntington Ingalls Industries · 9 questions
    11%1 of 9 questions
  • TDG
    TransDigm Group · 8 questions
    13%1 of 8 questions
  • BA
    The Boeing Company · 7 questions
    29%2 of 7 questions
  • GE
    GE Aerospace · 6 questions
    0%none of 6 questions
  • RTX
    RTX Corporation · 6 questions
    0%none of 6 questions
  • LHX
    L3Harris · 5 questions
    0%none of 5 questions
  • GRMN
    Garmin · 4 questions
    0%none of 4 questions
Show all 15 companies
CompanyQuestionsChallenge rate
HWM Howmet Aerospace40%none of 4 questions
LMT Lockheed Martin425%1 of 4 questions
RKLB Rocket Lab USA, Inc.40%none of 4 questions
LUNR Intuitive Machines, Inc.333%1 of 3 questions
SPCX Space Exploration Technologies Corp.1—Rate withheld: fewer than 3 questions
  • HWM
    Howmet Aerospace · 4 questions
    0%none of 4 questions
  • LMT
    Lockheed Martin · 4 questions
    25%1 of 4 questions
  • RKLB
    Rocket Lab USA, Inc. · 4 questions
    0%none of 4 questions
  • LUNR
    Intuitive Machines, Inc. · 3 questions
    33%1 of 3 questions
  • SPCX
    Space Exploration Technologies Corp. · 1 question
    —rate withheld: under 3 questions

Activity by reporting period

Questions recorded for each calendar quarter that companies’ reporting periods map to (not the call date), with the challenge rate for that period. Periods inside the range with no questions are shown as “No questions recorded”.

Questions by calendar reporting period
Calendar periodQuestionsChallenge rateCompanies
2024 Q320%none of 2 questions1
2024 Q4140%none of 14 questions10
2025 Q1176%1 of 17 questions11
2025 Q21217%2 of 12 questions9
2025 Q31323%3 of 13 questions9
2025 Q41217%2 of 12 questions9
2026 Q1120%none of 12 questions8
2026 Q21315%2 of 13 questions8
  1. 2024 Q32 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 2 questions) · 1 company
  2. 2024 Q414 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 14 questions) · 10 companies
  3. 2025 Q117 questions · challenge rate 6% (1 of 17 questions) · 11 companies
  4. 2025 Q212 questions · challenge rate 17% (2 of 12 questions) · 9 companies
  5. 2025 Q313 questions · challenge rate 23% (3 of 13 questions) · 9 companies
  6. 2025 Q412 questions · challenge rate 17% (2 of 12 questions) · 9 companies
  7. 2026 Q112 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 12 questions) · 8 companies
  8. 2026 Q213 questions · challenge rate 15% (2 of 13 questions) · 8 companies

Topics

Topics tagged on this analyst’s questions.

  • Innovation & R&D24
  • Demand23
  • Product Launch22
  • Competitive Dynamics22
  • Regulation Policy16
  • Supply Chain12
  • Capital Allocation10
  • Margin9
  • Capex Investment8
  • Revenue Growth7
Show all 19 topics
  • M&A7
  • Trade Tariffs7
  • Geographic Expansion4
  • Macroeconomic3
  • Cost Pressure3
  • Cloud & AI3
  • Labor Market2
  • Guidance Reliability2
  • Pricing1