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Analyst
Jeremy Tonet
Period: Reporting periods mapped to calendar 2024 Q4 – 2026 Q2 (7 quarters).
- Questions
- 236on tracked calls
- Challenge rate
- 2%5 of 236 questions
- Companies
- 25questioned at least once
- Reporting periods
- 7with questions
These figures cover the whole profile: every tracked question, all reporting periods.
How to read these numbers
Challenge rate is the share of questions that pushed back, pressed for specifics or questioned management’s assumptions. It describes how questions were asked on the calls tracked here; it does not measure whether any view turned out to be right.
Rounding. Rates are rounded to whole percentages, so a small share can show as 0% even when some questions were challenging. The count beside each rate is exact; “none of N questions” means no question was challenging.
No questions recorded. “—” means there is nothing to calculate: no questions were recorded for that period on the calls tracked here. It does not mean there was no activity.
Fewer than 3 questions. A company-level rate is withheld when fewer than 3 questions were recorded for that company; the questions are still counted everywhere else.
Small samples. Profiles with fewer than 10 questions are marked Limited sample.
Reporting periods. Questions are grouped by the calendar quarter each company’s fiscal reporting period maps to, not by the date of the call. Periods without a calendar mapping are listed separately under their fiscal label.
Questions asked
Grouped by company, most questions first. Open a company to read its questions, newest reporting period first.
Showing 236 of 236 questions from 25 companies
CNPCenterPoint Energy15 questions · 7 reporting periods · 0 of 15 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
how would that influence your thoughts on the potential for a genco and whether that would be worthwhile
Show response
Gave a clear conditional threshold: genco becomes relevant only above 1.5 GW of Indiana demand.
you had talked about earlier 5 in Texas, $5 billion of customer savings for the 14 gigawatts batch zero
Show response
Walked the arithmetic step by step from revenue requirement to the roughly $500 million annual customer savings figure.
Calendar 2026 Q1
I was just wondering if you might be able to expand a bit more on the timing of the trajectory of the credit metrics here
Show response
Foster confirmed confidence in ending year at 150 bps cushion. Drivers: 70% of 2026 financing complete, CAMT refund of ~$150M annually plus prior period recoveries. Q1 weakness purely timing from pulled-forward debt issuances.
if you could talk a bit more on traditional large load drivers in the Gulf Coast and Houston area
Show response
Wells highlighted advanced manufacturing (data center equipment production), life sciences, energy and energy exports. Noted advanced manufacturing facilities are heavy electricity users running their own data centers. Diversity of economic drivers sets Houston apart.
Calendar 2025 Q4
Just wondering if you might be able to provide a little bit more detail on what the time line can look there and what the size of the opportunity
Show response
Foster outlined three CapEx upsides: smart meter filing at PUCT in Q4, downtown revitalization update in H2 after substation siting work with city, and next system resiliency plan filing in 2028 feeding 2029-2031 upside.
how deep do you see that well at this point, given how much has been accomplished
Show response
Wells highlighted 100 million outage minutes saved last year. Achieved reliability not seen since 2014 despite adding 1 million+ metered homes since then. Continued investment will drive down outages further, reducing trouble work O&M.
Calendar 2025 Q3
the seller's note as you guys are receiving in the deal as far as how you think about how that helps facilitate the plan
Show response
Foster described the seller's note as a straightforward instrument with 6.5% coupon on just over $1B, settling quarterly with no lag. Helpful earnings bridge component.
whether you see this being accretive to the earnings over time or any thoughts on that side
Show response
Foster confirmed beneficial to both financing and earnings. Reallocating spend to Texas reduces cash lag by 25-30%. Already deployed $500M this year and will accelerate ~$1B in 2026 to fully replace Ohio rate base by early 2027.
Calendar 2025 Q2
Has the finalization of [ SV6 ] impacted inbound interconnection interest in any fashion at this point
Show response
Wells confirmed no impact on interconnection velocity from SB6. Questions remain on cost allocation but other drivers continue to support accelerated demand.
you talked a little bit about Houston revitalization work. And just wondering if you could expand a bit more
Show response
Wells described federal-funded project to bury the interstate system circling downtown, freeing land for redevelopment. CNP will replace underground network, relocate substations to gas-insulated design standard.
all this CapEx coming into plan without equity, it seems like that will drive upward pressure to the CAGR here
Show response
Wells confirmed more tailwinds than headwinds but deferred earnings guidance update to Q3 comprehensive plan refresh.
Calendar 2025 Q1
tariff concerns and recession risk. It seems like Texas is in a very good position, you know, regarding economic activity
Show response
Wells noted low tariff exposure from domestic sourcing. Houston economy diversified beyond energy to only one-third. Potential tailwind from onshoring. Foster added minimal IRA/tax transferability exposure as cash taxpayer.
Calendar 2024 Q4
kind of thinking about the proposed SB 6 regarding large load and transmission charges
Show response
Wells framed SB 6 as a cost allocation issue and noted CNP will be less active in this legislative session compared to 2021 and 2023. Working constructively with all parties.
how conversations have evolved with regulators, with other stakeholders in the state
Show response
Wells expressed optimism about resolution, noting ERCOT special meeting on February 25 with units expected in place by spring. Emphasized the unprecedented contribution of value.
Any guardrails you could put on the transmission opportunity depending on ERCOT's 765 decision?
Show response
Wells clarified the $3B+ estimate is under 345 kV standard, and expects it to push well north of that under 765 kV. Route decisions also pending.
FEFirstEnergy14 questions · 7 reporting periods · 1 of 14 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
just thinking about what do you see as like the primary guardrails as far as the objectives of the state here
Show response
Characterized the report as a menu and stressed engagement, but did not address the Connecticut ROE precedent the analyst raised.
if you could talk a bit more, I guess, on the contracted portfolio stepping up a lot quarter-over-quarter
Show response
Attributed conversions to a shared urgency to get load into the PJM planning and RTEP processes, which is the bottleneck.
Calendar 2026 Q1
any incremental thoughts you might be able to share on what the scope of the opportunity set is for you
Show response
Tierney cited $5B won over 4 years. Evolving model to include partnerships with neighbors. Taylor added 80-85% of transmission CapEx is core system work, not competitive projects.
just wondering how that resonates with local stakeholders there and particularly thinking about New Jersey
Show response
Tierney highlighted NJ rate case effective early 2024 focused on reliability; NJ outage duration improved 16% (49 minutes). O&M burden lower than last rate case in every planned filing.
Calendar 2025 Q4
As far as the components there. There is 50% DOE loan and then remaining 50% what what are the components there
Show response
Taylor quantified: 50% DOE loan, 15% CWIP cash recovery, 35% new equity for the $2.5B WV generation project.
where you see the biggest gap versus allowed in, I guess, key focus going forward, which which jurisdictions have, you know, the earn returns
Show response
Tierney noted ROE gap follows investment deployment; 75% formula rate programs drive most growth. On generation: OH prohibits utility ownership, WV is the clear path, PA possible if invited.
Calendar 2025 Q3
I was just wondering if you could expand any more there on the backdrop and talking about filing as soon as practical there
Show response
Tierney confirmed they'll file new multiyear rate plan immediately after Ohio order since no trackers/riders exist anymore.
if you could expand a bit more there, I guess, on the appetite to build new generation elsewhere across PJM
Show response
Tierney clear that only WV has the supportive governor, commission, and legislature; other states would be speculative.
Calendar 2025 Q2
Could you speak to the scope for incremental generation needs there? And what level of low growth do you see in the state
Show response
Tierney quantified WV opportunity at 1,000 MW combined cycle over 10 years to support coal retirement flexibility and attract data centers.
Just want to kind of understand what drives the pace of negotiations there? Are there any blocking items to getting capacity online sooner
Show response
Tierney explained conversion pace is driven by customer willingness to commit capital; seeing legitimate developers with land and equipment access.
Calendar 2025 Q1
which parties are involved in the settlement conversations such as staff or just who's more receptive, who's less receptive
Show response
Management declined specifics citing sensitivity but confirmed all key parties engaged with productive tone.
is there any other color you could provide to frame, I guess, what you'd be looking to solve for if things kind of progress
Show response
Tierney characterized the Ohio exposure as limited; Taylor cited specific levers including Grid Mod CapEx acceleration and shifting to PA/MD/WV.
Calendar 2024 Q4
Just want to come back to the no equity issuance in the message here. I just wanted to see kind of like the boundaries of what could possibly change that
Show response
Taylor confirmed 100bp+ cushion on metrics, noted incremental capital from data centers could be partially funded with equity.
I just want to come back to bill headroom, if you could. And your latest thoughts there post PJM and post the recent New Jersey auction
Show response
Tierney highlighted bill affordability as a strength with less than 5% share of wallet across jurisdictions.
PPLPPL Corporation14 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 14 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
is there a milestone for -- that you need to hit before you could do the additional CPCN filing
Show response
Management named the key trigger as a data center developer converting to an actual hyperscaler contract, which would prompt the filing.
when do you expect to see the first results from the PJM capacity matching process?
Show response
Management said PJM should conclude at end of September but its focus stays on bilateral contracting; auction timing uncertain.
Calendar 2026 Q1
Can you help frame the timeline for when this could come together? Is this weeks, months, or quarters?
Show response
Sorgi gave a clear timeline signal, expects meaningful JV announcement this year. Cited hyperscaler ratepayer protection pledge as catalyst and emphasized PPL's early-mover advantage in starting the JV over a year ago.
on the RBA, any thoughts on the impact if it goes through as proposed for PPL Corporation
Show response
Sorgi was candid that the proposal needs work to ensure costs are allocated to large loads, not existing customers. Said JV priority remains bilateral contracting.
How much of the data center growth on Slide 7 is incremental to the current earnings and capital plan?
Show response
Sorgi quantified $500M+ of incremental transmission CapEx upside beyond the $1.3B already in the plan, some extending past 2029.
Calendar 2025 Q4
when you are talking about the alternative generation solutions that could come online more commensurate with ramping requirements of data centers, if you could share a little bit more color
Show response
Sorgi declined to specify technologies but confirmed they enable 2028-2029 online dates versus 2031-2032 for large CCGTs. Supply chains for these alternatives look good.
would the JV look to bid into the base residual auction? Or just wondering your thoughts around that.
Show response
Sorgi said JV would not participate in normal auction but potentially the special emergency auction depending on structure and whether it fits the regulated-like risk profile they seek.
is this something that you would wait for an earnings call to announce, or could something be communicated earlier than that if the deal comes together?
Show response
Sorgi confirmed a JV ESA signing would be announced off-cycle as a significant event, not held for earnings call.
Calendar 2025 Q3
any incremental thoughts with regards to when we could see news flow, more developments on that side?
Show response
Sorgi confirmed lots of activity with hyperscalers, landowners, and pipeline companies but couldn't give timing. Noted hyperscalers now shifting focus to securing generation, not just transmission interconnection.
I was wondering if you might be able to peel back a little bit more, I guess, what that looks like sizing there? And really just wanted to get a better feeling for how you think the cadence could c...
Show response
Sorgi pointed to Slide 25 showing quarterly ramp from 3GW to 20.5GW. ESAs and LOAs require significant financial commitments from counterparties including credit support and 80% minimum load.
just to clarify, if I could, with regards to Mill Creek 2, the O&M number you quoted before, if that was an annualized number?
Show response
Sorgi confirmed the $30M O&M and $40M CapEx figures are cumulative totals through 2030, not annual amounts.
Calendar 2025 Q2
any thoughts as far as future equity needs in using forwards to derisk the plan like some of the peers -- some of your peers have done?
Show response
Bergstein confirmed $350M issued in H1, approaching $400-500M annual target. Will evaluate options for most efficient cost of capital.
how power risk could be, I guess, allocated within what the JV does, if PPO wants to keep that type of a similar type of risk profile?
Show response
Sorgi explained long-term ESAs with trillion-dollar hyperscalers provide regulated-like profile; will review contracts with rating agencies before determining scale.
how do you think about is there a preference for the JV or regulated generation there? Or any thoughts on market share in general that PPL could capture?
Show response
Sorgi outlined three-way market split: JV for broader state data center demand, PPL Electric for territory-specific resource needs, and IPPs. Expects multiple gigawatts in JV without outsized impact on business mix.
XELXcel Energy14 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 14 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q1
your ability to win more data center load here kind of stands out maybe versus others in the industry. I'm just wondering if you could speak to what do you think is some of the key tier offerings
Show response
CEO emphasized multi-state footprint, speed to power, sustainability commitment, and innovative solutions like air-cooled technology.
what you think that means more broadly if Google is willing to pay for newer technologies and such like form here. What do you see this as a trend
Show response
Both CEO and CFO framed Google deal as a model for aligning hyperscaler demand with state clean energy policies and commercializing new technology.
After seeing the ALJ just now, any thoughts on the prospects for settling given this very early time of review
Show response
CFO noted settlement is most likely pre-hearing, which has passed. Looking forward to MPUC deliberations in June and order in July.
Calendar 2025 Q3
such as transformers, transmission, 2 CGPs and components there. Just wondering if you could frame for us how long the queues are
Show response
19 gas turbines on order; multi-year supplier relationships; safe harbor strategy for renewables. Scale and scope seen as competitive advantage.
if you might be able to align that a little bit more with the demand growth
Show response
Low energy bills, high clean energy content, and strong development team are strategic advantages for data center recruitment.
Calendar 2025 Q2
How do you think about incorporating them into your plan? Do you probability weight the chance of winning contracts
Show response
Only won projects included in plan; management disciplined about not chasing projects outside service territories.
If you could speak a bit more on the gain on debt repurchases there? And was this contemplated or the plan
Show response
Opportunistic debt repurchase to offset negative venture capital mark-to-market in clean energy investments; not an earnings driver.
What is your contracting progress on the base data center assumption here
Show response
1.1 GW under contract/construction targeting ~2.5 GW by 2030; 7+ GW Tier 2 pipeline; interest across all three operating regions.
Calendar 2025 Q1
how you see things developing across other service territories, especially Colorado. Could there be kind of a broadening of this
Show response
Signed agreements in three states; three new ESAs in progress (Colorado, Minnesota, Wisconsin) plus growing interest in Dakotas and Southwest.
could you elaborate on potential regulatory treatment of wildfire related O&M expense
Show response
Colorado settlement includes concurrent O&M recovery; insurance premium deferrals filed in Wisconsin, Texas, New Mexico; Minnesota in rate case.
do you see any periods of relatively elevated bill inflation as investments come in ahead of load
Show response
Colorado bills second lowest nationally for electric; combined electric and gas lowest in nation. Near-term elevation possible but securitization helps manage.
Calendar 2024 Q4
developments in other states might have impacted Xcel trading recently. I'm just wondering what thoughts you could provide here incremental
Show response
Management outlined federal and state wildfire policy efforts; federal action likely back half of year after California fires highlighted national need.
does transferability go through the federal government? Or is it bilateral
Show response
Management confirmed transferability is bilateral between companies, with IRA providing the legal framework.
your thoughts on adding incremental gas fired generation, to meet higher-than-expected load growth
Show response
Management affirmed gas CTs needed for peaking but not baseload, given geographic advantage in wind and solar.
ETREntergy13 questions · 5 reporting periods · 1 of 13 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
update us on the potential for incremental expansions in Mississippi and, you know, what size you think that could reach
Show response
Marsh cited robust Mississippi conversations and AWS/Avaya interest but offered no specific size or new details at this time.
conversations with key stakeholders in Louisiana pointed to Meta possibly reaching 12 gigawatts in the state.
Show response
Marsh would not speak to Meta's specific appetite and said the 7 to 12 GW pipeline number is unchanged, though funnel interest is very active.
Calendar 2025 Q3
how would you describe the tone or pace of discussions here? Is there more or less urgency to sign up incremental load
Show response
CFO pointed to pipeline growth as evidence of strengthening discussions. Conversations cover speed to market, clean energy and stakeholder alignment.
I think some of the commentary might have highlighted the capital shifting out closer to plant COD and maybe that kind of spills over into past the plan period
Show response
CEO confirmed unannounced turbine slots for 2029-2030 COD represent potential additional capital in current outlook period. Investment expected well beyond period.
given some of the load shed events due to storm activity earlier in the year, wondering how you think about the opportunity to deploy more transmission
Show response
CEO confirmed robust transmission opportunity. Over 400 miles of 500 kV, pending filings in Louisiana and Texas. Significant MTEP submissions seeking MISO approval by year-end.
if you could comment a little bit more, I guess, on the ramp for Google there, the project there
Show response
CEO highlighted strong local support including governor at groundbreaking. 600 MW solar and 350 MW battery filing proceeding through commission. Customer ramp consistent with other large customers.
Calendar 2025 Q2
I think you referenced 7 gigawatts of gas generation available for new load. Is this after the Arkansas project
Show response
CEO clarified 7 GW is entirely above the current capital plan. Current plan has ~8 GW across 10+ announced projects. The 7 GW represents COD between 2029-2031.
A lot of interest in this new Arkansas customer and appreciate somewhat limited what you can say at this point, but just wondering if there's any color
Show response
CEO declined to discuss customer specifics but noted filings expected in 2-3 weeks with detail. Consistent with prior announcements.
Calendar 2025 Q1
it seems like there's a degree of macro uncertainty out there that might be weighing on industrial activity a bit
Show response
CFO highlighted 15+ years of consistent 5%+ industrial growth through various economic cycles. Three large customer FIDs just this quarter underscore pipeline strength.
I wonder if you could provide more color what it looks like, I guess, on conversations with data centers or other large industrial users
Show response
CFO confirmed pipeline intact. Noted customers hitting at faster/higher success rate, potentially requiring incremental capital for continued growth.
your weather normalized sales, if I'm seeing this right, residential went up about 4.5%. Just wondering if you could talk a bit more about drivers
Show response
CFO cautioned against reading too much into quarterly residential volatility. Full-year overall sales expected around 5.5%.
Calendar 2024 Q4
any thoughts on the economic development working group in efforts to expand the existing, I guess, data center incentives there
Show response
CEO confirmed broad interest in Arkansas data center development, noting existing steel industry success and additional lithium mining opportunities alongside data centers.
how you're able to finance $3 billion of incremental CapEx with only the $300 million of incremental equity here
Show response
CFO provided detailed walk-through: optimizing operating cash flow, fully funded pension benefit, customer minimum bills and CIAD during ramp, plus already-secured $1.4B ATM equity.
KMIKinder Morgan13 questions · 7 reporting periods · 0 of 13 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
what you see the competitive advantages of that project? And when do you think you might be in a position to take FID?
Show response
Sital cited the storage link as Permian Link's differentiator and tied FID to signed contracts, but deferred a firm timeline beyond a 2030 in-service target.
Calendar 2026 Q1
do you see any demand for that? Or is that kind of completely gone away at this point?
Show response
Dang confirmed carbon capture demand has mostly gone away. KMI retains expertise and would pursue if economics return but not actively investing.
how much of that is kind of like onetime in nature versus recurring?
Show response
Terminal buyout acknowledged as somewhat one-time. Balance depends on commodity prices and winter weather. Base business performing very well with increased demand and volatility driving outperformance.
Calendar 2025 Q4
I'm just wondering if you could talk about what that could mean for Kinder -- for NGPL
Show response
Sital said significant discussions underway with interest along the NGPL corridor from both power customers and organic markets. Some binding commitments being worked toward FID. Concentration of interest in market area and some in producing regions. Competitive landscape requires securing adequate returns before progressing to FID.
what opportunities it could present to you down the road just if we think about Waha egress
Show response
Kim noted the gas transportation market is very tight, creating upside from supply/demand dislocations which is partly what drove Q4 outperformance. Sital said KMI taking a more proprietary view in certain areas strategically. Kim clarified current storm is not a Uri, shorter and less significant. Storage portfolio key to leveraging opportunities.
Calendar 2025 Q3
how you think about the landscape given Kinder's competitive positioning
Show response
Kim said existing footprint and storage capabilities differentiate KMI from peers. Good track record on time and budget delivery especially important for data center and power customers. FID cadence hard to project but expects significant projects to reach FID in 2026.
it seems like it's a little bit less at this point. Just wondering what other, I guess, changes in the backdrop you see versus the 2Q
Show response
Kim attributed the slight softening entirely to RNG volumes and RINs price weakness. Core natural gas and other segments continue to perform well.
Calendar 2025 Q2
post the Georgia Power IRP filing here, does this impact, I think, the opportunity set as you see it in the Southeast
Show response
David confirmed broader Southeast opportunity with sound fundamentals. KMI is well-positioned with existing network including latest expansions. Ancillary expansion opportunities to layer on as they present themselves.
We've seen recent reports of hyperscaler activity there and I want to double click on your Texas, Arkansas Power project
Show response
Sital confirmed project supports power demand and sees incremental opportunity across Arkansas, Texas, and the Midwest corridor. Kim noted they don't always know if power is going to a data center, their customer is typically the power plant.
Calendar 2025 Q1
any change in tone there such as if WTI does step down into the 50s
Show response
Kim noted gathering is only 8% of business. No producer changes yet. Haynesville (dry gas) conversations actually more bullish with potential rig adds. Tom noted Tier 1 acreage positioning and natural offset between oil and gas basins.
the natural gas infrastructure and storage docket that Vice Chair opened, are you expecting anything specific
Show response
Tom confirmed docket and customer conversations both point to incremental capacity needs. EPNG is full. Brownfield and greenfield options being evaluated. ECA2 a longer-term opportunity.
Calendar 2024 Q4
those risks going forward and with ENCs you see out there that you think can best protect you
Show response
Kim confirmed proactive procurement with steel and compression agreements already in place or pending on the three major pipes. Working to mitigate Rockies Express-era cost inflation risk.
tracking anything on the federal side that maybe would change, I guess, the permitting process or laws otherwise
Show response
Kim identified state permits and the RTO commercial structure (no pass-through of fixed demand charges for IPPs) as the real Northeast barriers. No change expected on either front.
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TRGPTarga Resources13 questions · 7 reporting periods · 0 of 13 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
Just wanted to touch on how you see the volume trajectory at this point.
Show response
Jen said volume growth is going well with 450 MMcf/d of quarter-over-quarter growth despite Q2 shut-ins; July was strong and the year is tracking ahead of expectations.
Calendar 2026 Q1
how you see the interplay between GCX and other pipes coming online over the balance of this year, how the basis trends
Show response
Jen provided comprehensive overview of Waha dynamics, noting it will get worse before better but Targa has available capacity for producers.
Just wondering how much upside that could bring here and particularly as it relates to, I guess, the butane side
Show response
Ben explained that Iran conflict is driving incremental butane demand, product mix shifts free dock space for additional cargoes.
is it fair to say, I guess, the guidance bakes in optimization kind of only what's visible right now
Show response
Jen confirmed conservative forecasting with 4 months realized, May visibility, and modest assumptions beyond that.
Calendar 2025 Q4
I'm just wondering if you could walk us through a bit more what's driving Targa resiliency and the growth outlook in '26 and versus others? And I guess, what do you see post '26 that gives you conf...
Show response
Meloy attributed resiliency to largest footprint, strong producer relationships, commercial success in 2024-2025 adding to existing growth. 2027 outlook is even more positive than a year ago, supported by bottoms-up producer forecasts with upward revisions.
It's higher than before and has another plant, I think, than where you were before? And just wondering if you could bridge us through what the drivers are there?
Show response
Kneale explained the increase reflects a larger base (2.5-3 plants/year vs 2), incremental field and compression spending, residue strategy becoming a bigger part of the business, and some carbon capture. Despite higher CapEx, higher EBITDA base means robust free cash flow.
Calendar 2025 Q3
some of your key producers have put out kind of long-dated looks into what the growth would look like in the Permian. And so just wondering what sense that provides for you as far as kind of more a...
Show response
Meloy highlighted best-in-class footprint with well-scheduled active producers providing bottoms-up forecasts that underpin confidence in continued growth in 2027 and beyond, even with a flat to modestly declining rig count.
Just wondering how things have unfolded versus original expectations. Is this more wells coming on to the system? Or is this better productivity per well? Or what factors would you say are driving ...
Show response
Kneale confirmed the back-half volume ramp materialized on track to better than forecast, driving record NGL transportation and fractionation. Additional tailwind from NGL and gas marketing opportunities not originally baked into guidance.
Calendar 2025 Q2
you could share more data points you're seeing that provide the confidence there
Show response
Meloy detailed the ramp: a plant's worth of gas in Q2, another in July, and further gains in August. Well connects and Pembrook 2 coming online should drive continued momentum.
Calendar 2025 Q1
if you might be able to elaborate a bit more on the direction of CapEx 2026 relative to 2025. I'm just wondering on the potential interplay with buybacks
Show response
Kneale noted strong balance sheet provides flexibility for both organic growth and repurchases. 2026 CapEx depends on activity levels; track record of rationalizing in downturns.
how Targa differs from others as far as your customers who you're levered to versus maybe others, your position in the Permian relative to others
Show response
Kneale articulated differentiation through best-in-class footprint, best rock, well-capitalized producers with multi-year drilling programs. Pointed to 2020 COVID resilience as precedent.
Calendar 2024 Q4
any high-level thoughts you could share, I guess, on how the trajectory of EBITDA could grow across the year
Show response
Meloy directly addressed trajectory: back-half weighted 2025 with Q1 weather headwinds, 2026 potentially even stronger, driven by commercial wins and producer forecasts.
is there any reason to think that some optimization does not materialize again in 2025
Show response
Kneale explained optimization is not baked into guidance, presenting potential upside, consistent with pattern of beating guidance throughout 2024.
VSTVistra Corp.12 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 12 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
I was just wondering if you could talk about the relative dynamics between the two
Show response
Burke and Dore explained the two markets are at different maturity levels, with ERCOT less tight and pausing its study process while PJM study processes are more localized; interest remains high in both and customers do not need perfect regulatory clarity to contract.
Since you brought up IRAS, maybe any thoughts you could share there, how you see things unfolding from this point?
Show response
Burke contrasted Vistra's carrot-based, choice-driven approach against a stick approach in some dockets that risks disconnection; Dore added Vistra opposes bring-your-own-new-capacity mandates and thinks IRAS may actually favor co-location with existing resources.
wondering what Vistra's strategy would be here, the relative level of appeal here, and also how RBP compares to bilateral discussions
Show response
Burke said bilaterals are a real possibility with good sites and can reduce the RBP procured amount, and that batteries, peakers, and CCGTs could bid into the RBP but a spread around $555/MW-day will be needed for certain projects given equipment and EPC costs.
Calendar 2025 Q4
how would you characterize the level of discussion now versus any point in the past?
Show response
Dore noted customers shifting from sorting alternatives to focusing on actionable deals. Over 3,600 MW added or under development. Vistra viewed as credible partner with demonstrated execution across nuclear, solar, gas, and coal-to-gas conversions.
why not include the Meta opportunity here? And also post the near-term potential of $16 per share
Show response
Moldovan provided transformative disclosure: $22-25 FCF/share trajectory through 2030 assuming excess cash used for buybacks. Cogentrix + Meta add ~$700-750M to 2027. Will formally update guidance after Cogentrix closes.
Calendar 2025 Q3
Just wondering if you might look to quantify that in some sense for the market in the future
Show response
Moldovan and Burke declined to give specific growth rate. Too many variables in 4-5 year outlook including auctions, hedging, and contracting that haven't materialized. Will update annually.
conversations related to gas power generation relative to nuclear, wondering if you could provide any more color
Show response
Burke revealed investing ~$50M/year in people and development to handle record inbound demand. Dore added demand accelerating and lengthening into later years of the decade. All options gas and nuclear remain active.
As it relates to '27 hedging price levels, are you able to provide any color there?
Show response
Burke deferred hedge price disclosure to next quarter per standard cadence. Noted prices laddering up year-over-year through increasing power market.
Calendar 2025 Q2
Any thoughts you could share on the relative attractiveness of long-term contracting across the markets you're in
Show response
Burke confirmed pricing spectrum intact: nuclear co-location at top (carbon-free + speed premium), then nuclear FOM, then gas co-location, then gas FOM. Co-location providers (non-hyperscalers) more interested in gas arrangements.
Do you feel more confident in your full opportunity set across the portfolio now versus last quarter
Show response
Burke described co-location as 'having a permanent roommate' lasting decades. Activity level picked up this quarter but cautioned conversations ebb and flow. Focused on getting the right deal, not just any deal.
Calendar 2025 Q1
with PJM and the auction collar now approved, just how you think that sets up new build incentives, PJM, next few years
Show response
Burke gave extensive comparison: PJM cap/floor sends better investment signal (30 GW gas built over past decade). ERCOT has not sent same signal for dispatchable resources. First 8-10 GW of ERCOT data center load can be served by existing capacity.
when you're looking to sign new contracts for data centers, does that ever interfere with the ability to conduct buybacks
Show response
Moldovan confirmed buyback program runs continuously under 10b5-1 plan. Has never been paused, not even during Energy Harbor or minority interest acquisitions.
DDominion Energy11 questions · 4 reporting periods · 1 of 11 challenging
Calendar 2025 Q4
7% of the capital plan is focused on nuclear. I see the relicensing in there. So just wondering if you could help us unpack a little bit more
Show response
McFarland clarified nuclear capital is primarily fuel (categorized as capital), subsequent license renewal, and maintenance. No new nuclear build capital in the five-year plan.
When you say early 2027, does that mean, like, a January, or does it mean a first quarter
Show response
Blue declined to pin specific date on early 2027. Weather delays through July 2027 within current $11.05B budget. Beyond that, $150-200M per quarter. Cautioned against drawing conclusions from early-stage installation during worst weather season, citing monopile precedent of slow start then fast finish.
if you would be able to update us on how CVOW potentially faces, you know, potentially facing reduced energy deliverability
Show response
Blue confirmed PJM interim deliverability study requested annually. Some network upgrades may not be done when CVOW finishes. Assumed 50% deliverability for rider, will update if assumption needs adjustment.
Calendar 2025 Q3
just wondering if there's anything out there that you would be looking for that you think could materially, I guess, change views on the potential for nuclear's role going forward
Show response
Blue highlighted Virginia as most nuclear-friendly state but cited first-of-a-kind costs, cost overrun risk, and balance sheet protection as key gates. Amazon MOU for SMR at North Anna 3 remains in progress.
equipment availability that stands right now, transformers, transmission, equipment, everything for CCGT
Show response
Blue acknowledged elevated transformer demand industry-wide but said Dominion's scale and long supplier relationships provide an advantage. IRP generation dates aligned with supply chain timelines.
the inter-array cable fabrication not as much progress on that side quarter-over-quarter
Show response
Blue confirmed inter-array cable work is on track despite non-linear production pattern. Cautioned against quarter-over-quarter extrapolation.
Calendar 2025 Q1
with regards to thinking about the ATM with regards to de-risking 2026 equity needs possibly earlier in 2025
Show response
Ridge confirmed willingness to opportunistically pull forward ATM issuance for 2026, noting forward-settled sales as an available and attractive option.
transferability has been a big focus in the market whether it's repealed and has impact on plans
Show response
Ridge quantified $175M annual transfer credits, mostly from CVOW PTCs. If transferability changes, tax equity is a reasonably efficient replacement. Watching carefully but confident in mitigants.
if you could provide any updates on the outlook for PJM finalizing network cost upgrades
Show response
Blue confirmed no new data, final PJM number due in July. Expects any revision to be much smaller magnitude than the last $900M update.
Calendar 2024 Q4
dive into the Virginia data center opportunity a little bit more in quite the step-up as you outlined there
Show response
Blue explained data center load growth actually helps affordability by spreading fixed costs and highlighted strong bipartisan political support for expansion.
I want to continue with the biannual, if we could, just wondering on overall engagement with stakeholders there
Show response
Blue characterized the upcoming biennial as straightforward with no exotic elements, strong positioning on reliability and affordability, result expected by end of November.
WMBWilliams Companies11 questions · 6 reporting periods · 0 of 11 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
you could talk, I guess, a bit more on the behind-the-meter backlog as far as how you see the opportunity set
Show response
Chad said commercial interest is strengthening, backlog supported by multiple customers beyond the first; direct.
Calendar 2026 Q1
on the relative level of appetite that you're seeing now versus where you were before
Show response
Zamarin confirmed robust demand, noted Neo as largest project to date, and said backlog remains as robust if not more so than Analyst Day.
as you talk to your local state senators, what do they say about the prospects for this in D.C. right now
Show response
Zamarin outlined two key reform priorities: 401 permitting process and judicial reform. Said they are hopeful Senate will act this year.
Calendar 2025 Q3
if you might be able to expand a bit more, I guess, on the strategy -- industrial logic to this deal
Show response
Zamarin described integrated wellhead-to-water strategy connecting gathering through Transco and LEG to Line 200 and LNG terminal. Offtake provides window to international markets for producer customers. Not a speculative LNG entry.
how you see the opportunity set at this point across your footprint? And what would -- how would you describe, I guess, the pace of conversations
Show response
Zamarin said backlog strengthened to over $5 billion committed with 6 gigawatts in pipeline. Expects additional projects through end of decade and beyond. Geography is diverse across entire footprint.
Calendar 2025 Q2
do you see FIDs on the pipeline side more likely stemming from another Transco type of expansion? Or do you see the possibility for an FID on something stemming from the Northwest system
Show response
Zamarin highlighted Power Express and NESE milestones on Transco. Larsen said Rockies Columbia Connector open season closing with great interest. Opportunities across entire footprint.
I was just wondering if you could talk a bit about your experience at EQT and what your bringing to Williams here
Show response
Wingo brings midstream and upstream perspectives. Found Williams strategy robust and comprehensive. Plans to execute existing plan and capture opportunity set. Praised team culture and Chad's leadership.
Calendar 2025 Q1
how you see the gas market unfolding here, given these dynamics, and what it means for your systems
Show response
Armstrong said gas demand call coming stronger than expected with visible volume growth in Q1 and April. If oil softens further, rigs likely rotate to gas areas. Expects choppy but upward trajectory.
what has enabled Williams to do this, versus others? What do you see as your competitive advantage here
Show response
Zamarin credited cross-organization collaboration combining gas supply, pipeline capacity, and construction capabilities. Armstrong added long-term Solar turbine vendor relationships provide equipment access advantage.
Calendar 2024 Q4
it seems like on the electric transmission side there's not the same constraints as we see on the gas side
Show response
Dunn confirmed opportunity to provide gas-fired power more cost-effectively than grid in Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio. Solution addresses speed, reliability, and consumer cost concerns.
how you think about the opportunities across your footprint, be it in Pennsylvania or Texas or Wyoming
Show response
Armstrong highlighted Salt Lake and Wyoming as well-positioned areas. Noted grid constraints and state politics will determine winners. Hyperscalers looking at resource-rich areas like Wyoming for Chapter 2 projects.
SOSouthern Company10 questions · 6 reporting periods · 0 of 10 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
Just wondering how is demand response fitting into your conversations projects overall in the pipeline?
Show response
Poroch confirmed demand response is part of every conversation and tied it to bilateral contracting flexibility across the three jurisdictions.
it seems like the state is particularly receptive to incremental data center activity, more than what we usually hear
Show response
Womack cited 100 MW projects in Mississippi and rising pipeline activity but offered no contracted figures for the state.
Calendar 2025 Q4
Just wanted to come back, if I could, towards the guidance and what are some of the parameters that drive the high and the low end
Show response
Poroch cited exhaustive scenario planning with durability built in to achieve at least 7% growth. Upside from signed contracts, population in-migration, business expansion, and other momentum factors.
Just wondering how that could impact build trajectory going forward, possible downward pressure there
Show response
Womack emphasized rate stability through 2027-2028 in Georgia and Alabama, with large load pricing designed to benefit existing customers and provide continued rate stability into the future.
Calendar 2025 Q3
is it just, as I said, preliminary discussions? Or is it -- you wouldn't be the first one seemingly given what's happening in South Carolina
Show response
Womack praised federal nuclear support (Westinghouse-Cameco-Brookfield, executive orders) but said Southern Company is not ready to announce new nuclear until all financial risks are mitigated.
Calendar 2025 Q2
I just wanted to pivot to the FERC gas pipeline expansion potential there. Just wondering what visibility you have there
Show response
Tucker said pipeline investments are tied to Southern Natural Gas with Kinder Morgan, driven by new combined cycle construction and overall load growth in the area including co-ops and munis.
I was just wondering if you could speak to when these tailwinds could possibly translate into incremental investment opportunities there
Show response
Womack couldn't specify timing but confirmed advanced discussions on multiple projects. Tucker noted investment is already occurring: 1,000+ MW of data center projects, transmission/distribution builds, Alabama Power generation acquisitions.
Calendar 2025 Q1
any thoughts you could share there with levers that you could potentially pull to manage customer bills there
Show response
Womack cited variables including large load pricing benefits, fuel adjustment recovery timing (June next year), and Hurricane Helene storm cost recovery, but said it's too early to specify filing details.
just curious on your outlook for the IRA and any potential changes there, how that could impact Southern particularly as it relates to transferability
Show response
Tucker said impact to FFO/debt would be only 10-20 basis points if transferability was lost. The company is engaging policymakers to express the customer benefits of tax credits.
Calendar 2024 Q4
just wondering I guess, if you could provide a bit more color on what you're seeing there, what could the upside be there over time
Show response
Womack confirmed data center momentum expanding from Georgia into Alabama (Meta project) and Mississippi (Compass project), with significant capacity opportunities across both states.
AEEAmeren9 questions · 4 reporting periods · 0 of 9 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q1
your preliminary thoughts on line of sight to exceeding those ramp schedules, and when the potential for incremental capital coming into the plan might materialize
Show response
Management confirmed 2.2 GW of signed ESAs exceed the 1.2 GW plan assumption and would represent upside to sales and earnings. September IRP update will provide comprehensive refresh.
wondering if we could talk a bit more about your conversations with large load and data centers here
Show response
Management detailed several gigawatts of interest at engineering study stage in both states, ongoing expansion conversations with existing hyperscalers, and optimism on near-term ESA conversions.
Calendar 2025 Q2
We've seen a number peers lift their pipeline this quarter I was just wondering if you could talk a bit more about what Ameren sees here
Show response
Lyons confirmed pipeline unchanged at 2.3 GW but emphasized developers are requesting expansion studies and ESA negotiations are progressing as expected.
has Ameren look to derisk turbine slots needed here for any growth beyond the preferred resource plan?
Show response
Moehn confirmed near-term slots secured for 2027-28 simple cycles, combined cycle RFP to close in 60-90 days, and beyond that exploring flexibility.
as far as access to gas needed for the plans, as you outlined here, have you signed up for a sufficient gas transmission today
Show response
Moehn confirmed gas access is secured for all three generation sites, Meramec has existing supply, Rush Island requires repurposing, combined cycle has a nearby transmission line.
Calendar 2025 Q1
there’s a lot of attention on transferability if there were any changes there if that was taken away, I guess, the impacts that might have on your plan
Show response
Lyons framed credits as customer savings (~$2B over 10 years) and advocated for retention. Moehn confirmed balance sheet can absorb loss without additional equity.
I just want to make sure that’s separate from the 2.3 gigawatt referenced? Or I just wanted to kind of clarify that point in the outlook there
Show response
Lyons explained 2.3 GW agreements give greater confidence in 5.5% sales CAGR but actual load depends on ramp schedules yet to be finalized.
Calendar 2024 Q4
do these items represent upside to your plan? Any way to size the magnitude of earnings and cash flow benefits from possible legislation
Show response
Lyons framed legislation as helping close regulatory lag to allowed returns rather than providing explicit earnings upside sizing.
the $4.4 billion of increase in CapEx, yet only $300 million of incremental equity, I haven't seen that from all your peers out there
Show response
Moehn attributed minimal equity issuance to historically conservative balance sheet management entering the investment super-cycle.
CMSCMS Energy9 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 9 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
I just wanted to dive in on the ’27 guide, a little bit more if I could
Show response
Maddipati declined to bias within the range but confirmed the NorthStar repositioning is already incorporated into the 2027 guide, with updates to come through the normal planning process.
if you could talk a little bit more detail about what categories these can look like and what type of magnitude
Show response
Maddipati identified engineering and development platform costs as the category but gave no magnitude, leaving the size of the efficiency unquantified.
Calendar 2025 Q4
we've seen in other states utilities kind of featured in some of the commentary here. And wondering if you had any expectations
Show response
Garrick emphasized CMS's track record through all political environments. As one of Michigan's largest investors, property taxpayers, and union job providers, CMS engages gubernatorial candidates with policy solutions to improve affordability. Energy law and staggered 6-year commissioner terms provide structural stability.
Calendar 2025 Q3
that $20 billion of CapEx knocking on the door. Just wondering how quickly could the door be opened here?
Show response
Garrick corrected to $25B+ and outlined three vectors: more electric distribution reliability spending, approved REP renewables with tax credit safe harboring through 2029, and early IRP battery storage and gas capacity. All three expected to contribute to next 5-year plan at Q4 call.
just want to pick up, I guess, with the gas plant, as you mentioned there, the potential for that. Would that be simple or combined?
Show response
Garrick said CMS is evaluating the mix of simple cycle and combined cycle but confirmed both battery and gas capacity are needed for retiring facilities and existing load growth. Well-planned and well-prepared.
Calendar 2025 Q1
the deferral that's baked into the guide right now. Just want to be clear on the treatment there.
Show response
Rejji confirmed the deferred accounting order approval is NOT assumed in guidance. Conservative approach despite making a compelling case.
Just want to pick up with the gas case. In you know, given what's come out so far, the appetite for settlement
Show response
Garrick said staff position is constructive, case is straightforward (gas pipe replacement, safety). Open to settlement before August PFD, will push on ROEs in rebuttal.
Calendar 2024 Q4
how you feel about the regulatory environment in Michigan. There's been, you know, some concern in the marketplace with recent orders
Show response
Garrick used a sausage-making analogy to dismiss process concerns, pointed to track record of constructive outcomes across 2022-2024.
if I could pivot to DIG for a second here. It seems like I think you mentioned outage. I'm just wondering, how much of a headwind
Show response
Rejji quantified DIG loss at over 50% of prior contribution, offset by existing thermal fleet and new renewable CODs in H2 2025.
EPDEnterprise Products Partners L.P.9 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 9 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
how long you see this persisting Waha positive territory? It seems like there's a lot of gas that is ready to be connected.
Show response
Management declined to predict Waha pricing precisely but expects it could tighten again before 2027 as shut-in and backloaded gas returns; prefers a healthy Waha supporting producer economics.
Calendar 2026 Q1
what you think the industry would need to see in the market to pick up activity, and do you expect us to get there
Show response
Jim and Natalie confirmed producer discipline; Tug noted it's about the back of the futures curve lifting, not a specific price level.
how much of that could be allocated to projects that have not taken FID yet
Show response
Randy estimated 50-65% of 2027 CapEx is not yet committed to specific FID'd projects, providing significant flexibility.
Calendar 2025 Q4
could we see the potential for sizable uplift as as you know, optimization opportunities might have been greater than what you typically see
Show response
Tug confirmed system optimization during winter events but cautioned against expecting Uri-level uplift.
Is there any kind of formula that you think about or other methodology when when you think about the buybacks
Show response
Randy confirmed 55-60% of ~$1B free cash flow allocated to buybacks in 2026, mix of programmatic and opportunistic purchases.
Calendar 2025 Q1
has seen departure recently. And so when might we hear more, I guess on the COO role or any other changes in management
Show response
Jim declined to share succession details but expressed confidence in the management bench and said he's not worried about succession plans.
how recent market price volatility might have impacted your view on the near term there and thoughts, I guess moving forward in '26
Show response
Randy outlined path to ~$1.5B available for buybacks and debt paydown in 2026 as growth CapEx declines and cash flow grows.
Calendar 2024 Q4
Where are the current, I guess, operating run rates and where do you see them going over the course of '25
Show response
Graham noted PDH-1 had minor blip but ran well post-turnaround. PDH-2 has design issue with licensor limiting rates; targeting upper 90% utilization long-term.
in the Trump administration, imagine permitting might be easier, also talking about energy emergency and how that could impact permitting overall
Show response
Jim expressed skepticism on permit reform timing. Randy noted Congress following through on election platform but no surprises yet.
NEENextEra Energy9 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 9 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
We haven't really seen meaningful new greenfield development since Mountain Valley, your JV, completed a few years back
Show response
CEO pointed to Southeast expansion needs, MVP expansions and hub-related laterals as the pipeline opportunity set.
want to see your updated thoughts on, I guess, what the possible time line could be
Show response
CEO described SMR evaluation and risk-sharing structure requirements but gave no dated timeline beyond the Duane Arnold recommissioning.
With Texas development, specifically Permian egress and servicing LNG, any of those factors be of interest to NextEra?
Show response
CEO ruled out LNG participation outright; CFO framed the strategy as customer solutions rather than merchant export exposure.
Calendar 2025 Q4
whether you might look to partner with one technology here to go for it as everyone tries to go from a full to NOAC
Show response
John said dedicated SMR development team evaluating both existing nuclear sites and greenfield. Prefers creating competition among suppliers rather than locking into one. Any deal needs right commercial terms with risk sharing and capped financial exposure. Mike added SMRs are upside to base plan, not embedded in expectations. Four-way structure needed: OEM, developer, hyperscaler, government.
Just want to start off with wind additions if I could. It looked like a little uptick there
Show response
John acknowledged some wind additions in 2028-2029 backlog but said trend still favors solar and batteries. National footprint means interest varies by product and region. Not characterizing as green shoots for wind specifically.
Calendar 2025 Q2
the dynamics in the power markets at that point in time, particularly renewable PPA pricing
Show response
John highlighted fast build times, early/late-stage project inventory, and significant cost advantage over gas and nuclear. Recontracting of decade-old PPAs into higher power market creates embedded value. Combined with gas development, nuclear, and transmission business.
with the PJM capacity auction results yesterday. How do you think about the current price backdrop now as enough to incent generators
Show response
John emphasized existing assets serve current demand; incremental generation must be built. NextEra uniquely positioned with development teams in 49 states. Very few companies have been building for last 2 decades.
Calendar 2025 Q1
on the GEV partnership and if there's any update that you can provide to us
Show response
GEV framework advancing on customer origination. Hosted Deploy event with GE Vernova CEO targeting large-scale load. Hyperscalers prefer front-of-meter solutions requiring 3-way conversation with utilities. Behind-the-meter requires redundancy premium but attractive where grid access takes 5-7 years. NextEra uniquely positioned to combine gas with renewables for carbon-neutral solutions.
Calendar 2024 Q4
regarding your conversations with hyperscalers at this point, just wondering if you're seeing any kind of changes in the tone
Show response
Rebecca said increased demand for natural gas is for capacity value while renewables provide lowest-cost energy. Great pairing customers are interested in. Behind-the-meter gas discussed but not expected to be prevalent solution. Existing grid provides huge value.
CEGConstellation Energy8 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 8 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
is there anything kind of new to think about with regards to this table here?
Show response
Asked what is new on the Slide 13 growth/capital-allocation table; Shane explained the new $0.20 floor reflects $2.2 billion of accretive buybacks completed since March.
Calendar 2026 Q1
Looking at the white paper last week out of PJM, Powering Reliability Through Market Design, wondering if you were able to provide any initial reactions to paths A, B and C
Show response
David Dardis responded: appreciate PJM's commitment to competitive markets, support for energy/reserve co-optimization and bilateral contracting. Option B (differential reliability) raises legal questions. CEO added more revenue should have been recognized in energy market, putting less strain on capacity market.
Calendar 2025 Q3
if you could provide a little bit of color on Three Mile Island, it seems like progress is going well there
Show response
Joe confirmed critical items completed, plant condition better than anticipated. Main transformer, fuel, and staffing all addressed with no new challenges emerging.
We've seen energy prices moving up recently and just wondering thoughts you have on these moves where it could go
Show response
Jim McHugh noted power has outperformed gas with longer-duration heat rate and spark spread expansion driven by data center load growth and supply-demand fundamentals.
Calendar 2025 Q2
what you're expecting in terms of state-level action on PJM changes going forward here
Show response
Joe expects states to revisit fossil retirement timelines, suggested emissions banking approach for extensions. Strongly defended competitive market model against monopoly-build arguments.
thoughts on the level that materialized in this past auction trends there and how you see this trending in the future
Show response
Joe explained ELCC for demand response rises from below 70% to over 90% in next auction, significantly improving economics. DR requirements expand from 18 to 24 hours.
Calendar 2025 Q1
what is the expected path and timing to resolve the FERC 206 proceeding here
Show response
Joe and David Dardis said resolution could come in a handful of months through either settlement or FERC directing PJM tariff amendment.
provide more details on the progress towards long-term customer agreements as you talked about in the slides
Show response
Joe explained customers are pivoting to front-of-meter on-grid deals where clarity exists, working with utilities that move studies quickly.
OKEONEOK8 questions · 4 reporting periods · 2 of 8 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q1
if you could just help us think about shaping of the year, EBITDA by quarter, if that's going to vary from your pattern before? Or is there kind of conservatism built into your guidance
Show response
Walt pointed to the earnings deck showing Q1 as the lowest, with the EBITDA curve expected to slope upward through the year, potentially with enhanced back-half volume benefits.
as we think about the uplift in the '26 guide, how much of that do you see recurring in '27?
Show response
Walt highlighted operating leverage on Bakken and West Texas LPG pipelines with no incremental CapEx needed as volumes grow. Potential for north-south differentials once Medford comes online.
Calendar 2025 Q4
just wondering if you could expand a bit more on which ones are hitting expectations or really which ones might be coming in a little bit below, such as EnLink
Show response
Pierce confirmed all acquisitions on pace: Magellan leading synergies given longest tenure and asset overlap, EnLink on track but contractual rollovers take time, Medallion benefiting from balance sheet integration.
I think there was the expectation for the potential for EBITDA to approach $9,000,000,000 going into next year. And just wondering, I guess, beyond lower commodity prices, are there any other kind ...
Show response
Pierce attributed the delta to two factors: 100 MMcf/d lower volumes from reduced drilling activity and narrowing spreads from lower commodity prices. Noted 2026 project completions (Denver, Medford, Shadowfax) will carry momentum into 2027.
Calendar 2025 Q2
I was wondering if you could provide a bit more color on economics there and synergies as well. And will you be consolidating BridgeTex?
Show response
Walt noted attractive multiples, strategic connectivity to Medallion assets, and continued 50-50 governance structure (not consolidated).
I was wondering if you could provide a bit more color on specific opportunities and how that, I guess, feeds into confidence in the guidance range
Show response
Sheridan detailed Easton connections (Galena Park, East Houston, Pasadena MVP) completing in Q3, enabling more blending volume and reduced costs.
Calendar 2025 Q1
I'm just wondering if you could elaborate a bit more maybe on what you see there, synergy capture that gives you the confidence to stick with that
Show response
Pierce cited LNG demand growth, AI data center demand, and continuing global LPG/LNG demand as catalysts independent of commodity cycle uncertainty.
We've seen reports of producers asking for meaningful concessions for mid streamers and just wondering, I guess, how you're producer customer conversations go
Show response
Sheridan framed re-contracting as constructive win-win bundling conversations, noting producers see value in ONEOK's integrated services across the value chain.
PEGPublic Service Enterprise Group8 questions · 5 reporting periods · 0 of 8 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
in these conversations for -- with bilaterals, is it interest in existing assets, new assets or both?
Show response
Dan said interest is in both but skewed to new generation, reflecting a nationwide preference to pair new load with incremental supply.
Calendar 2026 Q1
Could you provide some color bifurcating between the states as far as interest or type of activity and conversations?
Show response
Cregg explained hyperscalers follow financial incentives to other states; NJ lacks the tax incentives to attract large-scale data center development.
Where does the total count stand versus last quarter? I think it was 11.8 as of December.
Show response
Cregg noted data center interest has leveled off after sharp increase last year. Still estimates 10-20% of total interest may materialize based on history.
Calendar 2025 Q4
any updated thoughts you might be able to provide on how likely that is to, I guess, come to fruition
Show response
LaRossa stated big nuclear is the highest and best use of PSEG's property given its early site permit (technology agnostic). Also has a gas-ready site with pipes and wires. Would enable SMRs if policymakers prefer that direction.
Calendar 2025 Q3
what type of constructs Pega be interest in, be it regulated generation, unregulated generation
Show response
LaRossa outlined willingness for regulated gas generation, large-scale solar, regulated storage, and enabling new nuclear (hosting without own capital). Both gubernatorial candidates support all-of-the-above strategies.
is there any discernible difference, I guess, in the tone of those conversations
Show response
Cregg identified Pennsylvania as having a more forward-leaning appetite enabling bigger scale opportunities, while New Jersey has interest but at smaller scale and without comparable incentives.
Calendar 2025 Q1
any thoughts as far as recent frictions offshore wind that we're seeing today? And how you think that impacts maybe the transmission planning opportunity set
Show response
LaRossa said offshore wind friction creates no negative impact since PSEG had nothing in the plan to the East. Potential opportunities to the West depending on resource adequacy solutions.
How do you think about the potential capacity price outcome in the next auction as it relates to customer bill growth
Show response
LaRossa cited consensus for upper half of the collar range but emphasized no double-digit customer bill increases expected since the catch-up has already occurred.
DUKDuke Energy7 questions · 3 reporting periods · 0 of 7 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q1
share a bit more of the view of the larger pipeline, as you said, the 15 and change
Show response
Management expressed high confidence in converting late-stage pipeline to ESAs over next 12 months. Savoy highlighted speed-to-power retooling, noting Q1's 2.7 GW exceeded half of all 2025 signings.
Are there any direct offsets here from the savings that you announced with the merger of the Carolinas
Show response
Sideris confirmed multiple levers to mitigate rate increases. Tax credits available now; Carolina utility combination effective January 2027 will add savings over time.
as it relates to the legislative session, if there's anything that you're watching there?
Show response
Sideris said legislative discussions around data center protections and fuel cost sharing are aligned with existing contract provisions. Views potential legislation as codifying what DUK already does.
Calendar 2025 Q2
could you share any high-level thoughts coming into the filing here beyond nuclear?
Show response
Harry said the October IRP filing will continue the all-of-the-above approach including gas, batteries, uprates, and solar. The new NC bill removes the 70% carbon reduction requirement.
as far as current load trends are progressing through the quarter, I was wondering if you could provide us just maybe a little bit more detail
Show response
Brian acknowledged tough Q2 2024 comp and noted large customers being cautious amid tariff/tax uncertainty but running to firm orders. Expects 1.5-2% growth intact for the year.
Calendar 2024 Q4
if there's anything out of DC, you know, particularly as it relates to, I guess, NewQ at this point
Show response
Lynn emphasized long-term strategy alignment with federal and state aspirations. Noted Duke joined a DOE consortium with TVA for new nuclear technologies targeting 2030s deployment.
we've heard other care utilities talk about, you know, improvements in the Midwest as well. And just wondering if you could touch on what you see
Show response
Harry noted Indiana growth is mainly advanced manufacturing with some data centers in the pipeline, not at Carolinas levels. Highlighted Indiana's constructive business-friendly environment.
WECWEC Energy Group7 questions · 3 reporting periods · 0 of 7 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
is there a scenario where you think that what could participate here? Or just any thoughts on that in general?
Show response
Partial: redirected to DOE fossil loan work and framed nuclear at the retained site as a much longer-term option.
would you think of this as kind of like with the EPS CAGR as you see it or presenting upside to the current 5-year range
Show response
Partial: confirmed the drivers are all upside and noted the company is already at the high end of the range in 2028, but deferred quantification.
Calendar 2025 Q1
how you think that impacts Wisconsin. And how does -- Wisconsin stand relative to other states and trying to win this business
Show response
Described VLC tariff as fair, balanced, and developed collaboratively with large customers. Received positive feedback from developers.
Just wondering any updated thoughts you can provide here if transferability or other products to the IRA were to be repealed
Show response
Comprehensive response: actively safe harboring, 80% of transfers from in-service projects, limited impact expected from repeal.
Calendar 2024 Q4
any thoughts on OpenAI CFO mentioning Wisconsin, as a possible data center site, and beyond Microsoft?
Show response
Confirmed discussions with multiple potential customers without naming specifics. Emphasized need for purchase cancellation agreements.
With all this hitting in the back end of the plan, how do you think this might impact the CAGR?
Show response
Deferred CAGR update to Q3 call rather than providing preliminary view. Reasonable given early stage.
Do you think your experience with RICE units, be it at the utility or WECKY would offer you kind of the ability to give a differentiated service
Show response
Acknowledged RICE unit experience but noted it's part of a broader mix with CTs; didn't claim clear differentiation.
AEPAmerican Electric Power6 questions · 3 reporting periods · 0 of 6 challenging
Calendar 2025 Q3
I was just wondering if you could talk a bit more specifically on what you see the DPS CAGR over that time period being, particularly in the back part of the plan
Show response
Mihalik said Board raised dividend 2% and is targeting 50-60% payout ratio. Dividends assumed to increase by shares outstanding, with Board making future discretionary decisions. 115 consecutive years of dividend payment.
When you're referring to the high end of 28% to 30%, is that year-over-year or CAGR? So basically, is this a CAGR of '26? Or is this year-over-year from '27 into '28?
Show response
Mihalik confirmed the 9% or above in 2028-2030 is year-over-year growth, not a CAGR from 2026.
Calendar 2025 Q2
how maybe gets in reconductoring, quick factoring and help for speed-to-market solutions here given data center needs
Show response
Fehrman acknowledged reconductoring adds incremental capacity but emphasized the scale demands dramatic 765kV backbone additions across PJM, SPP, MISO, and ERCOT.
how you might prioritize funding or how you see asset sales potentially fitting into, I guess, the pecking order there
Show response
Fehrman broke down incremental capital: $7B AEP Texas transmission, $3B PSO generation, $2B I&M generation, plus distribution and miscellaneous. Not looking to sell assets as a strategy.
Calendar 2024 Q4
what it means from the AEP side potentially. Just if we could frame what that could look like from CapEx or any other way to kind of think about that
Show response
Fehrman confirmed fuel cell costs covered by individual large customers under standalone contracts requiring state commission approval. Michalek deferred capital specifics to future disclosures.
if you could provide any incremental color on stakeholder conversations in just the state of, I guess, stakeholder relationships in the state
Show response
Fehrman described extensive stakeholder engagement. Securitization option offered to support affordability is not in current financial plans. Positive feedback on approach so far.
DTEDTE Energy6 questions · 3 reporting periods · 0 of 6 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q1
how would you frame the ramp in sales growth as these projects come online?
Show response
CEO outlined: Oracle small in 2026 then shoots up exponentially to full ramp over couple years. Google starts small, expands to 1 GW by end of 2028. Oracle expected to attach to grid end of 2026.
how those contracts compare if there's any differences to think about there?
Show response
CEO explained Oracle benefits higher per unit since only battery storage needed (using existing capacity). Google requires additional baseload generation identified through IRP, so benefit per unit is somewhat less but still sizable. All future deals must provide affordability benefits per law.
Calendar 2025 Q1
energy trading. Just wondering if you could spend a bit there and if results in the quarter were in line with your expectations
Show response
CFO noted $34M of $50-60M annual guidance earned in Q1, with potential continued favorability that would be used to strengthen 2026/2027.
any updated thoughts, I guess on the business outlook there, the business mix, any changes in the strategy in light of potential IRA changes
Show response
CFO confirmed no change to Vantage utility-like pivot strategy; all projects are safe harbored or under existing IRA provisions.
Calendar 2024 Q4
can you walk through those and maybe the cash flow drivers behind sizing minimal equity in 2025 versus the kind of uptick in later years
Show response
CFO confirmed minimal equity through 2027 supported by strong cash flows and tax credit monetization, with modest increases in 2028+.
Could you speak a little bit more to the opportunities that you're now most focused on? Just curious how you expect this high grading to play out
Show response
Management detailed Vantage pivot to cogeneration, water treatment, compressed air, and early-stage carbon capture with IRRs north of 10% unlevered after tax.
ESEversource Energy5 questions · 4 reporting periods · 0 of 5 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
could you just break down the key assumptions that comprise the $1.8 billion estimate in storm proceeds in your plan
Show response
John broke the $1.8B into $700M Connecticut securitization, ~$450M New Hampshire storm costs, and the balance from Connecticut carrying charges he still expects to pursue.
Calendar 2025 Q2
If there's any other, I guess, process takeaways that you have from the outcome there and views, I guess, on settlements versus full litigation
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Nolan praised the litigated case as constructive, fair, and transparent despite being the first litigated case in memory. Asked for $103M net of storms, received $100M with 9.5% ROE. Moreira added the PBR structure and revenue baseline are valuable for future rate increases.
I was just wondering if you could share updated metrics for the second quarter for Moody's and S&P and how you stand against those thresholds at this point
Show response
Moreira confirmed strong S&P position already. For Moody's, highlighted 200+ bps improvement on rolling 12-month basis in one quarter. Expects momentum to continue with 13% handle coming in following quarters. Did not provide specific Q2 end figure.
Calendar 2025 Q1
Just wondering if you had thoughts you could share with regards to where you think you'd land in 2026 FFO to debt
Show response
Nolan highlighted $2.4B debt reduction from Aquarion plus sustainable future cost-revenue alignment. Moreira noted FFO-to-debt will continue to enhance contingent on capital forecast updates.
Calendar 2024 Q4
Just wanna dive into 2025 EPS a little bit more if I could and just headwinds and tailwinds there
Show response
Moreira clarified Aquarion earnings are included through expected closing date, not moved to discontinued ops. Full benefit of debt paydown from sale proceeds expected in 2026.
EXCExelon4 questions · 2 reporting periods · 0 of 4 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
now a few months since the withdrawal of your PECO rate case, how do you think about filing the case moving forward?
Show response
Butler and Innocenzo cited constructive settlements and ongoing discussions with the governor office and PUC, but gave no filing date or specific trigger.
to what extent can you tap into your identified $12 billion to $17 billion upside opportunity
Show response
Jones listed roughly five drivers behind the range and Khouzami pointed to two MISO Tranche 2.1 bids in Iowa with a decision expected in the fourth quarter.
Calendar 2025 Q3
any thoughts, I guess, on the $10 billion to $15 billion of transmission CapEx and thinking about probability weighting all this
Show response
Jeanne emphasized executable and defensible growth, noting proposals in current PJM window with clarity expected by year-end. Focused on 7-8% rate base growth upper portion.
Just want to pivot a little bit here, if we could, towards the Amazon TSA. It seems like there's been some developments there
Show response
Jeanne detailed TSA structure protecting existing customers while firming commitments. Filed large load tariff at ComEd for all loads over 50MW. Slide 13 shows 47GW filtering through phases.
OKLOOklo Inc.1 question · 1 reporting period · 0 of 1 challenging
Calendar 2026 Q2
are there any other areas you think that would be of interest to you and that would make sense to kind of pursue more?
Show response
CFO said Oklo continues to evaluate M&A at the scale of ARMEC and CEI, framed as a build-versus-buy accelerator for asset-deployment capability where a strong team can be brought in-house at the right price.
Challenge rate by company
Every company this analyst questioned, most questions first. A company-level rate is shown from 3 questions; below that it is withheld.
| Company | Questions | Challenge rate |
|---|---|---|
| CNP CenterPoint Energy | 15 | 0%none of 15 questions |
| FE FirstEnergy | 14 | 7%1 of 14 questions |
| PPL PPL Corporation | 14 | 0%none of 14 questions |
| XEL Xcel Energy | 14 | 0%none of 14 questions |
| ETR Entergy | 13 | 8%1 of 13 questions |
| KMI Kinder Morgan | 13 | 0%none of 13 questions |
| TRGP Targa Resources | 13 | 0%none of 13 questions |
| VST Vistra Corp. | 12 | 0%none of 12 questions |
| D Dominion Energy | 11 | 9%1 of 11 questions |
| WMB Williams Companies | 11 | 0%none of 11 questions |
- CNPCenterPoint Energy · 15 questions0%none of 15 questions
- FEFirstEnergy · 14 questions7%1 of 14 questions
- PPLPPL Corporation · 14 questions0%none of 14 questions
- XELXcel Energy · 14 questions0%none of 14 questions
- ETREntergy · 13 questions8%1 of 13 questions
- KMIKinder Morgan · 13 questions0%none of 13 questions
- TRGPTarga Resources · 13 questions0%none of 13 questions
- VSTVistra Corp. · 12 questions0%none of 12 questions
- DDominion Energy · 11 questions9%1 of 11 questions
- WMBWilliams Companies · 11 questions0%none of 11 questions
Show all 25 companies
| Company | Questions | Challenge rate |
|---|---|---|
| SO Southern Company | 10 | 0%none of 10 questions |
| AEE Ameren | 9 | 0%none of 9 questions |
| CMS CMS Energy | 9 | 0%none of 9 questions |
| EPD Enterprise Products Partners L.P. | 9 | 0%none of 9 questions |
| NEE NextEra Energy | 9 | 0%none of 9 questions |
| CEG Constellation Energy | 8 | 0%none of 8 questions |
| OKE ONEOK | 8 | 25%2 of 8 questions |
| PEG Public Service Enterprise Group | 8 | 0%none of 8 questions |
| DUK Duke Energy | 7 | 0%none of 7 questions |
| WEC WEC Energy Group | 7 | 0%none of 7 questions |
| AEP American Electric Power | 6 | 0%none of 6 questions |
| DTE DTE Energy | 6 | 0%none of 6 questions |
| ES Eversource Energy | 5 | 0%none of 5 questions |
| EXC Exelon | 4 | 0%none of 4 questions |
| OKLO Oklo Inc. | 1 | —Rate withheld: fewer than 3 questions |
- SOSouthern Company · 10 questions0%none of 10 questions
- AEEAmeren · 9 questions0%none of 9 questions
- CMSCMS Energy · 9 questions0%none of 9 questions
- EPDEnterprise Products Partners L.P. · 9 questions0%none of 9 questions
- NEENextEra Energy · 9 questions0%none of 9 questions
- CEGConstellation Energy · 8 questions0%none of 8 questions
- OKEONEOK · 8 questions25%2 of 8 questions
- PEGPublic Service Enterprise Group · 8 questions0%none of 8 questions
- DUKDuke Energy · 7 questions0%none of 7 questions
- WECWEC Energy Group · 7 questions0%none of 7 questions
- AEPAmerican Electric Power · 6 questions0%none of 6 questions
- DTEDTE Energy · 6 questions0%none of 6 questions
- ESEversource Energy · 5 questions0%none of 5 questions
- EXCExelon · 4 questions0%none of 4 questions
- OKLOOklo Inc. · 1 question—rate withheld: under 3 questions
Activity by reporting period
Questions recorded for each calendar quarter that companies’ reporting periods map to (not the call date), with the challenge rate for that period. Periods inside the range with no questions are shown as “No questions recorded”.
| Calendar period | Questions | Challenge rate | Companies |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Q4 | 36 | 3%1 of 36 questions | 18 |
| 2025 Q1 | 40 | 3%1 of 40 questions | 20 |
| 2025 Q2 | 37 | 0%none of 37 questions | 17 |
| 2025 Q3 | 36 | 3%1 of 36 questions | 16 |
| 2025 Q4 | 26 | 4%1 of 26 questions | 13 |
| 2026 Q1 | 31 | 0%none of 31 questions | 14 |
| 2026 Q2 | 30 | 3%1 of 30 questions | 18 |
- 2024 Q436 questions · challenge rate 3% (1 of 36 questions) · 18 companies
- 2025 Q140 questions · challenge rate 3% (1 of 40 questions) · 20 companies
- 2025 Q237 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 37 questions) · 17 companies
- 2025 Q336 questions · challenge rate 3% (1 of 36 questions) · 16 companies
- 2025 Q426 questions · challenge rate 4% (1 of 26 questions) · 13 companies
- 2026 Q131 questions · challenge rate 0% (none of 31 questions) · 14 companies
- 2026 Q230 questions · challenge rate 3% (1 of 30 questions) · 18 companies
Topics
Topics tagged on this analyst’s questions.
- Regulation Policy68
- Demand68
- Capex Investment60
- Capital Allocation35
- Cloud & AI33
- Competitive Dynamics25
- Guidance Reliability19
- Revenue Growth19
- Geographic Expansion17
- Pricing17
Show all 19 topics
- Innovation & R&D14
- Macroeconomic10
- Supply Chain10
- Margin9
- Cost Pressure8
- M&A7
- Credit6
- Subscriber Growth4
- Trade Tariffs1